Immuno-oncology has gained momentum thanks to the success of strategies aimed at enhancing immune-mediated antitumor response. The field of immunotherapeutic transport oncophysics investigates the physical processes that drive cancer immunotherapies. This review discusses three main aspects that determine the outcome of an immunotherapy-based treatment from a physical point of view; (i) space, the distribution of cancer and immune cells within tumor masses, (ii) time, the temporal dynamic of immune response against tumors, and (iii) activity, the ability of immune cell populations to suppress cancer. Upon introducing these topics with examples from the literature, we investigate in detail two cases where the interplay between space, time, and activation variables determines immune response: nanodendritic cell vaccines and immunosuppression in ovarian cancer.

由于旨在增强免疫介导的抗肿瘤反应的策略的成功，免疫肿瘤学获得了发展。免疫治疗转运肿瘤物理学领域研究了驱动癌症免疫治疗的物理过程。这篇综述讨论了从物理角度决定基于免疫疗法的治疗结果的三个主要方面。（i）空间，肿​​瘤块内癌症和免疫细胞的分布，（ii）时间，针对肿瘤的免疫反应的时间动态以及（iii）活性，免疫细胞群体抑制癌症的能力。在通过文献中的例子介绍了这些主题之后，我们将详细研究两种情况，其中空间，时间和激活变量之间的相互作用决定了免疫反应：