Regulation of transcription is the main mechanism responsible for precise control of gene expression. Whereas the majority of transcriptional regulation is mediated by DNA-binding transcription factors that bind to regulatory gene regions, an elegant alternative strategy employs small RNA guides, Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) to identify targets of transcriptional repression. Here, we show that in Drosophila the small ubiquitin-like protein SUMO and the SUMO E3 ligase Su(var)2-10 are required for piRNA-guided deposition of repressive chromatin marks and transcriptional silencing of piRNA targets. Su(var)2-10 links the piRNA-guided target recognition complex to the silencing effector by binding the piRNA/Piwi complex and inducing SUMO-dependent recruitment of the SetDB1/Wde histone methyltransferase effector. We propose that in Drosophila, the nuclear piRNA pathway has co-opted a conserved mechanism of SUMO-dependent recruitment of the SetDB1/Wde chromatin modifier to confer repression of genomic parasites.

中文翻译：

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Su（var）2-10和SUMO Pathway将piRNA引导的靶标识别连接到染色质沉默。

转录调控是负责精确控制基因表达的主要机制。尽管大多数转录调控是由与调控基因区域结合的DNA结合转录因子介导的，但一种优雅的替代策略是使用小型RNA向导，Piwi相互作用RNA（piRNA）来识别转录抑制的靶标。在这里，我们表明，在果蝇中，小的泛素样蛋白SUMO和SUMO E3连接酶Su（var）2-10是piRNA引导的抑制性染色质标记沉积和piRNA目标转录沉默所必需的。Su（var）2-10通过结合piRNA / Piwi复合物并诱导SetDB1 / Wde组蛋白甲基转移酶效应子的SUMO依赖性募集，将piRNA引导的靶标识别复合物与沉默效应子相连。我们建议在果蝇中