BACKGROUND The current study shows the results of three years of IRS entomological monitoring (2016, before intervention; 2017 and 2018, after intervention) performed in Alibori and Donga, northern Benin. METHODS Mosquito collections were performed on a monthly basis using human landing catches and pyrethrum spray catches in six districts including four treated with Actellic 300 CS (Kandi, Gogounou, Djougou and Copargo) and two untreated (Bembèrèkè and Kouandé) which served as control sites. Key transmission indicators of Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) as well as the residual activity of Actellic 300 CS assessed through WHO cone tests, were determined. RESULTS The residual efficacy duration of Actellic 300 CS after the two IRS campaigns (2017 and 2018) was 4-5 months (May-September). The parity rate and the sporozoite index of An. gambiae (s.l.) were 36.62% and 0.71%, respectively, after the first spray round in treated areas compared to 57.24% and 3.7%, respectively, in the control areas (P < 0.0001). The same trend was observed after the second spray round. After the first spray round, each person received 1.6 infective bites/month (ib/m) in the treated areas against 12.11 ib/m in the control areas, resulting in a reduction rate of 86.78%. Similarly, the entomological inoculation rate was 1.5 ib/m after the second spray round in the treated areas vs 9.75 ib/m in the control areas, corresponding to a reduction of 84.61%. A decrease in the parity rate (46.26%), sporozoite index (85.75%) and EIR (87.27%) was observed for An. gambiae (s.l.) after the first round of IRS (June-October 2017) compared to the pre-intervention period (June-October 2016). The density of An. gambiae (s.l.) ranged between 0.38-0.48 per house in treated areas vs 1.53-1.76 An. gambiae (s.l.) per house respectively after the first and second IRS rounds. CONCLUSIONS This study showed the positive impact of IRS in reducing key entomological parameters of malaria transmission in Alibori and Donga. However, the considerable blood-feeding rate of An. gambiae (s.l.) in spray areas, stress the need for the population to sleep under long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) in addition, to prevent from mosquito bites which did not succeed in resting on sprayed walls.

中文翻译：

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基于Actellic 300 CS的室内残留喷雾剂对贝宁北部两个地区的Alibori和Donga疟疾传播的关键昆虫学指标的功效。

背景技术本研究显示了在贝宁北部的Alibori和Donga进行的三年IRS昆虫学监测的结果（2016年，干预前； 2017年和2018年，干预后）。方法每月在六个地区使用人工着陆捕获物和除虫菊喷雾捕获物进行蚊子采集，其中包括四个使用Actellic 300 CS处理的产品（Kandi，Gogounou，Djougou和Copargo）和两个未处理的产品（Bembèrèkè和Kouandé）作为控制点。确定了通过冈比亚锥虫试验评估的冈比亚按蚊（s1）的主要传播指标以及Actellic 300 CS的残留活性。结果两次IRS活动（2017年和2018年）后，Actellic 300 CS的剩余药效持续时间为4-5个月（5月至9月）。An的奇偶校验率和子孢子指数。冈比亚（sl ）在治疗区域第一次喷洒后分别为36.62％和0.71％，而对照区域分别为57.24％和3.7％（P <0.0001）。在第二轮喷涂后观察到了相同的趋势。在第一轮喷雾之后，每个人在治疗区域的感染叮咬/月（ib / m）为1.6，而对照区域的感染叮咬为12.11 ib / m，减少率为86.78％。同样，在第二轮喷雾后，治疗区的昆虫接种率是1.5 ib / m，而对照区的是9.75 ib / m，减少了84.61％。观察到An的均价降低（46.26％），子孢子指数（85.75％）和EIR（87.27％）降低。IRS第一轮（2017年6月至10月）之后与干预前时期（2016年6月至10月）相比的冈比亚（sl）。An的密度 冈比亚（sl ）介于治疗范围内每所房屋的0.38-0.48与1.53-1.76 An。在IRS第一轮和第二轮之后，每个房屋的冈比亚（sl）分别。结论本研究表明了IRS在降低Alibori和Donga疟疾传播关键昆虫学参数方面的积极作用。但是，An的供血率相当高。喷雾区域中的冈比亚（sl）强调，除了在长效杀虫网（LLIN）上，人群还需要睡觉，以防止蚊虫叮咬而未能成功地搁在喷雾墙上。An的相当高的输血率。喷雾区域中的冈比亚（sl）强调，除了在长效杀虫网（LLIN）上，人群还需要睡觉，以防止蚊虫叮咬而未能成功地搁在喷雾墙上。An的相当高的输血率。喷雾区域中的冈比亚（sl）强调，除了在长效杀虫网（LLIN）上，人群还需要睡觉，以防止蚊虫叮咬而未能成功地搁在喷雾墙上。