BACKGROUND Culturomics can ascertain traces of microorganisms to be cultivated using different strategies and identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry or 16S rDNA sequencing. However, to cater to all requirements of microorganisms and isolate as many species as possible, multiple culture conditions must be used, imposing a heavy workload. In addition, the fast-growing bacteria (e.g., Escherichia) surpass the slow-growing bacteria in culture by occupying space and using up nutrients. Besides, some bacteria (e.g., Pseudomonas) suppress others by secreting antibacterial metabolites, making it difficult to isolate bacteria with lower competence. Applying inhibitors to restrain fast-growing bacteria is one method to cultivate more bacterial species from human feces. RESULTS We applied CHIR-090, an LpxC enzyme inhibitor that has antibacterial activity against most Gram-negative bacteria, to culturomics of human fresh feces. The antibacterial activity of CHIR-090 was first assessed on five Gram-negative species of bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus vulgaris, and Bacteroides vulgatus), all of which are commonly isolated from the human gut. Then, we assessed suitable concentrations of the inhibitor. Finally, CHIR-090 was applied in blood culture bottles for bacterial cultivation. In total, 102 species from five samples were identified. Of these, we found one new species, two species not reported previously in the human gut, and 11 species not previously isolated from humans. CONCLUSIONS CHIR-090 can suppress E. coli, P. aeruginosa, K. pneumoniae, Pro. vulgaris, but not B. vulgatus. Compared with the non-inhibitor group, CHIR-090 increased bacteria isolation by 23.50%, including four species not reported in humans and one new species. Application of LpxC enzyme inhibitor in culturomics increased the number of species isolated from the human gut.

中文翻译：

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LpxC酶抑制剂在抑制人体肠道细菌培养物中某些快速生长的细菌中的应用。

背景技术文化学可以确定使用不同策略培养的痕量微生物，并通过基质辅助激光解吸/电离飞行时间质谱或16S rDNA测序进行鉴定。然而，为了满足微生物的所有需求并分离尽可能多的物种，必须使用多种培养条件，从而增加了工作量。此外，快速生长的细菌（例如埃希氏菌）通过占据空间并消耗营养物，超过了缓慢生长的细菌。此外，某些细菌（例如假单胞菌）会通过分泌抗菌代谢物来抑制其他细菌，从而难以分离出具有较低能力的细菌。应用抑制剂来抑制快速生长的细菌是从人粪便中培养更多细菌种类的一种方法。结果我们应用了CHIR-090，一种LpxC酶抑制剂，对大多数新鲜革兰氏阴性细菌具有抗菌活性，可对人类新鲜粪便进行培养。首先对五个革兰氏阴性菌（大肠杆菌，铜绿假单胞菌，肺炎克雷伯菌，寻常变形杆菌和寻常型杆菌）评估了CHIR-090的抗菌活性，所有这些通常都从人的肠道中分离出来。然后，我们评估了抑制剂的合适浓度。最后，将CHIR-090应用于血液培养瓶中进行细菌培养。总共从五个样本中鉴定出102种。在这些物种中，我们发现了一种新物种，即人类肠道中先前未报道的两种物种，以及先前从未从人类中分离出的11种物种。结论CHIR-090可抑制大肠杆菌，铜绿假单胞菌，肺炎克雷伯菌，Pro。寻常型，而不是寻常型芽孢杆菌。与非抑制剂组相比，CHIR-090增加了23.50％的细菌分离率，其中包括人类未报道的4种和一种新的细菌。LpxC酶抑制剂在栽培菌种中的应用增加了从人肠道分离出的菌种数量。