MicroRNAs (miRNAs) as the regulatory short noncoding RNAs are involved in a wide array of cellular and molecular processes. They negatively regulate gene expression and their dysfunction is correlated with cancer development through modulation of multiple signaling pathways. Therefore, these molecules could be considered as novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for more effective management of human cancers. Recent studies have demonstrated that the miR-181 family is dysregulated in various tumor tissues and plays a pivotal role in carcinogenesis. They have been shown to act as oncomirs or tumor suppressors considering their mRNA targets and to be involved in cell proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy, angiogenesis and drug resistance. Additionally, these miRNAs have been demonstrated to exert their regulatory effects through modulating multiple signaling pathways including PI3K/AKT, MAPK, TGF-b, Wnt, NF-κB, Notch pathways. Given that, in this review, we briefly summarise the recent studies that have focused on the roles of miRNA-181 family as the multifunctional miRNAs in tumorigenesis and cancer development. These miRNAs may serve as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers or therapeutic targets in human cancer gene therapy.

中文翻译：

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microRNA-181 在人类癌症的发展中充当双重角色调节剂。

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) 作为调节性短非编码 RNAs 参与了广泛的细胞和分子过程。它们负向调节基因表达，它们的功能障碍通过调节多种信号通路与癌症发展相关。因此，这些分子可以被认为是更有效地管理人类癌症的新型生物标志物和治疗靶点。最近的研究表明，miR-181 家族在各种肿瘤组织中失调并在癌变中起关键作用。考虑到它们的 mRNA 靶标，它们已被证明可作为肿瘤抑制因子或肿瘤抑制因子，并参与细胞增殖、细胞凋亡、自噬、血管生成和耐药性。此外，这些 miRNA 已被证明通过调节多种信号通路发挥其调节作用，包括 PI3K/AKT、MAPK、TGF-b、Wnt、NF-κB、Notch 通路。鉴于此，在这篇综述中，我们简要总结了最近关注 miRNA-181 家族作为多功能 miRNA 在肿瘤发生和癌症发展中的作用的研究。这些 miRNA 可作为人类癌症基因治疗中的诊断和预后生物标志物或治疗靶标。