The use of algae to adsorb heavy metals is an efficient and environmentally friendly treatment for contaminated water and has attracted widespread research attention. In this study, a meta-analysis of the heavy metal adsorption capacity of algae from five different phyla and the factors influencing these capacities was conducted. Phaeophyta was found to have a high heavy metal adsorption capacity, whereas Bacillariophyta had a relatively low adsorption capacity; Chlorophyta, Rhodophyta, and Cyanophyta had moderate adsorption capacities. Non-living algae were more effective in practical applications than living algae were. Algal biomass had a relatively high adsorption efficiency of 1-10 g/L, which did not increase significantly when algal concentration increased. The algal adsorption efficiency for initial heavy metal concentrations of 10-100 mg/L was higher than for concentrations of greater than 100 mg/L. The results further show that algal adsorption of heavy metals reached a maximum capacity of 80-90% within 20 min. Heavy metal adsorption by algae was not temperature-dependent, and it was more effective in moderately to weakly acidic environments (pH = 4-7.5). Considering these aspects for practical applications, algae from some phyla can effectively be used for heavy metal biosorption in contaminated water.

中文翻译：

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藻类在重金属吸附中的应用：长达20年的荟萃分析。

使用藻类吸附重金属是对污染水的一种有效且环保的处理方法，并引起了广泛的研究关注。在这项研究中，对五个不同门的藻类对重金属的吸附能力及其影响因素进行了荟萃分析。发现古生植物具有重金属吸附能力，而芽孢杆菌具有相对较低的吸附能力。绿藻，红藻和蓝藻具有中等的吸附能力。无生命藻类在实际应用中比活藻类更有效。藻类生物质具有相对较高的吸附效率，为1-10 g / L，当藻类浓度增加时，吸附效率并未显着增加。初始重金属浓度为10-100 mg / L时，藻类的吸附效率高于大于100 mg / L时的藻类吸附效率。结果进一步表明藻类对重金属的吸附在20分钟内达到80-90％的最大容量。藻类对重金属的吸附不是温度依赖性的，并且在中等至弱酸性环境（pH = 4-7.5）中更有效。考虑到这些方面的实际应用，某些门的藻类可以有效地用于重金属在污水中的生物吸附。在中度至弱酸性环境（pH = 4-7.5）中更有效。考虑到这些方面的实际应用，某些门的藻类可以有效地用于重金属在污水中的生物吸附。在中度至弱酸性环境（pH = 4-7.5）中更有效。考虑到这些方面的实际应用，某些门的藻类可以有效地用于重金属在污水中的生物吸附。