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Prevalence, risk factors and antifungal susceptibility pattern of Candida species among pregnant women at Debre Markos Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia.
BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth ( IF 3.1 ) Pub Date : 2019-12-30 , DOI: 10.1186/s12884-019-2494-1 Alem Tsega 1 , Feleke Mekonnen 2
BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth ( IF 3.1 ) Pub Date : 2019-12-30 , DOI: 10.1186/s12884-019-2494-1 Alem Tsega 1 , Feleke Mekonnen 2
Affiliation
BACKGROUND
Candida is the commonest opportunistic fungi in human. Candida species cause diverse types of diseases. Vaginal candidiasis has been reported as one of the most common type of fungal diseases among pregnant women. However; In Ethiopia, due to scarcity of data, much has not been documented regarding the prevalence of Candida among pregnant women.
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to determine the prevalence, possible risk factors and antifungal susceptibility profile of Candida species among pregnant women attending Debre Markos Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia.
METHOD
A cross-sectional study was conducted from February to May 2017. A total of 384 pregnant women were included using a systematic random sampling technique. Vaginal specimens were collected, inoculated on Candida HiV eg culture Medium and incubated at 37 °C for 24 h.Colonies were identified using standard microbiological methods and selected for further Candida Species identification using Hi Chrome agar and germ tube test. Fungal suspensions were made and adjusted at 0.5% MacFarland standard. Modified Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion technique was used for antifungal susceptibility. Data was entered, cleaned using Ep info version 7.1and transported to Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21 for analysis. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were performed. P. value < 0.05 at 95% confidence interval was considered as statistically significant.
RESULT
From a total of 384 study participants, 96 (25%) were positive for Candida species. The predominant Candida species was Candida albicans 54(56.25%) followed by Candida krusei 21(21.9%), Candida glabrata 17(17.7%), Candida tropicalis 1(1%) and 3(3.1%) were other Candida species. Contraceptive use (AOR: 0.394; 95% CI = 0.20-0.74) and prolonged antibiotic uses (AOR: 0.393; 95% CI = 0.21-0.72) were risk factors. All isolates except Candida krusei were 100% susceptible to amphotericin-B. Resistance rate was high against itraconazole and Ketoconazole 55(57.3%).
CONCLUSION
The prevalence of Candida species among symptomatic pregnant women was significantly higher than asymptomatic pregnant women. Age group between 26 and 40 years was significantly associated with Candida infection. Amphotericin B was the most sensitive antifungal drug. High rate of multiple drugs resistant Candida species was detected. Therefore Symptomatic women should be routinely screened and treated.
中文翻译:
埃塞俄比亚西北部德布雷马科斯转诊医院孕妇中念珠菌属的患病率、危险因素和抗真菌药敏模式。
背景技术念珠菌是人类最常见的机会性真菌。念珠菌种类引起多种类型的疾病。据报道,阴道念珠菌病是孕妇中最常见的真菌病之一。然而; 在埃塞俄比亚,由于数据匮乏,关于孕妇念珠菌流行情况的记录不多。目的 本研究旨在确定埃塞俄比亚西北部 Debre Markos 转诊医院孕妇中念珠菌属的患病率、可能的危险因素和抗真菌药物敏感性。方法 2017 年 2 月至 5 月进行了一项横断面研究。采用系统随机抽样技术,总共纳入了 384 名孕妇。收集阴道标本,接种在念珠菌HiV例如培养基上并在37℃下孵育24小时。使用标准微生物学方法鉴定菌落并选择菌落以使用Hi Chrome琼脂和胚芽管测试进一步鉴定念珠菌种类。按照 0.5% MacFarland 标准制备和调整真菌悬浮液。改良的Kirby-Bauer纸片扩散技术用于抗真菌药敏试验。使用 Ep info 7.1 版输入和清理数据,然后传输到社会科学统计包 (SPSS) 21 版进行分析。进行描述性统计和逻辑回归。95% 置信区间的 P 值 < 0.05 被认为具有统计显着性。结果 总共 384 名研究参与者中,96 名(25%)念珠菌呈阳性。念珠菌主要种类为白色念珠菌54(56.25%),其次为克柔念珠菌21(21.9%)、光滑念珠菌17(17.7%)、热带念珠菌1(1%)和3(3.1%)。避孕药具的使用(AOR:0.394;95% CI = 0.20-0.74)和长期使用抗生素(AOR:0.393;95% CI = 0.21-0.72)是危险因素。除克柔念珠菌外,所有分离株均 100% 对两性霉素-B 敏感。对伊曲康唑和酮康唑55的耐药率较高(57.3%)。结论 有症状孕妇念珠菌感染率显着高于无症状孕妇。26岁至40岁的年龄组与念珠菌感染显着相关。两性霉素 B 是最敏感的抗真菌药物。多重耐药念珠菌检出率较高。因此,有症状的女性应定期筛查和治疗。
更新日期:2019-12-30
中文翻译:
埃塞俄比亚西北部德布雷马科斯转诊医院孕妇中念珠菌属的患病率、危险因素和抗真菌药敏模式。
背景技术念珠菌是人类最常见的机会性真菌。念珠菌种类引起多种类型的疾病。据报道,阴道念珠菌病是孕妇中最常见的真菌病之一。然而; 在埃塞俄比亚,由于数据匮乏,关于孕妇念珠菌流行情况的记录不多。目的 本研究旨在确定埃塞俄比亚西北部 Debre Markos 转诊医院孕妇中念珠菌属的患病率、可能的危险因素和抗真菌药物敏感性。方法 2017 年 2 月至 5 月进行了一项横断面研究。采用系统随机抽样技术,总共纳入了 384 名孕妇。收集阴道标本,接种在念珠菌HiV例如培养基上并在37℃下孵育24小时。使用标准微生物学方法鉴定菌落并选择菌落以使用Hi Chrome琼脂和胚芽管测试进一步鉴定念珠菌种类。按照 0.5% MacFarland 标准制备和调整真菌悬浮液。改良的Kirby-Bauer纸片扩散技术用于抗真菌药敏试验。使用 Ep info 7.1 版输入和清理数据,然后传输到社会科学统计包 (SPSS) 21 版进行分析。进行描述性统计和逻辑回归。95% 置信区间的 P 值 < 0.05 被认为具有统计显着性。结果 总共 384 名研究参与者中,96 名(25%)念珠菌呈阳性。念珠菌主要种类为白色念珠菌54(56.25%),其次为克柔念珠菌21(21.9%)、光滑念珠菌17(17.7%)、热带念珠菌1(1%)和3(3.1%)。避孕药具的使用(AOR:0.394;95% CI = 0.20-0.74)和长期使用抗生素(AOR:0.393;95% CI = 0.21-0.72)是危险因素。除克柔念珠菌外,所有分离株均 100% 对两性霉素-B 敏感。对伊曲康唑和酮康唑55的耐药率较高(57.3%)。结论 有症状孕妇念珠菌感染率显着高于无症状孕妇。26岁至40岁的年龄组与念珠菌感染显着相关。两性霉素 B 是最敏感的抗真菌药物。多重耐药念珠菌检出率较高。因此,有症状的女性应定期筛查和治疗。