The delicate compositions, structures, and functions of natural cell membranes provide ideal prototypes for the development of functional biomedical polymers. First, the cell membranes, e.g., the red blood cell membrane, can be directly utilized to coat the functional polymeric materials, achieving an excellent biocompatibility and long-term circulation in blood. Second, the lipids (particularly the phospholipids) and glycosylated molecules on the cell membranes help the design of anti-fouling and biocompatible biomaterials, which may also have high affinities to some specific molecules after a secondary modification. An interesting choline phosphate with the reverse order of phosphate choline in the cell membrane will be specifically discussed here. Third, the transmembrane/peripheral proteins and the channel structure of the cell membrane can also be used as prototypes of biomaterials with various functions, such as the recognition, separation, immobilization, and capture of biomolecules. This review describes such cell membrane bioinspired functional polymers for a variety of biomedical applications including drug/gene delivery, tissue engineering, implant materials, and molecular recognition and diagnosis. The structure–function relationships of these polymeric materials are discussed in detail. Finally, the challenges associated with these cell membrane bioinspired polymeric biomaterials are summarized.

中文翻译：

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受细胞膜生物启发：用于生物医学应用的功能性聚合物材料

天然细胞膜的微妙组成，结构和功能为功能性生物医学聚合物的开发提供了理想的原型。首先，细胞膜，例如红细胞膜（红细胞膜）可直接用于涂覆功能性高分子材料，从而实现出色的生物相容性和血液中的长期循环。其次，细胞膜上的脂质（特别是磷脂）和糖基化分子有​​助于抗污和生物相容性生物材料的设计，它们在二次修饰后也可能与某些特定分子具有高亲和力。在这里将专门讨论一种有趣的磷酸胆碱，其在细胞膜中具有与磷酸胆碱相反的顺序。第三，跨膜/外围蛋白和细胞膜的通道结构也可以用作具有各种功能的生物材料的原型，例如识别，分离，固定和捕获生物分子。这篇综述描述了这种细胞膜具有生物启发性的功能聚合物，可用于多种生物医学应用，包括药物/基因传递，组织工程，植入材料以及分子识别和诊断。这些聚合物材料的结构-功能关系进行了详细讨论。最后，总结了与这些细胞膜生物启发的聚合物生物材料有关的挑战。