Background

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major form of primary liver cancer with steadily increasing incidence for the decades, and has propensity to have extrahepatic metastases, especially pulmonary metastases (PM). This study aimed to investigate temporal incidence trends, treatment, and survival of patients with HCCPM.

Methods

Patients with HCCPM were retrospectively reviewed from 2010 to 2016 in US National Cancer Institute (NCI) Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registry (SEER).

Results

2242 patients with HCCPM were identified. Overall HCCPM incidence did not change from 2010 to 2016, with an annual percent change (APC) of 0.87% (95% CI = −2.50%–4.35%, P = 0.542). Similar incidence trends patterns were found in subgroup analyses of sex, age, and race. 1-year observed survival for HCCPM was 10.8% (95%CI = 8.9%–12.8%) and relative survival was 11.0% (95%CI = 9.1%–13.1%). Better outcomes were noted among patients who underwent liver-directed surgery, those who treated with chemotherapy, and those who received radiation.

Conclusions

The incidence of HCCPM does not increase with the increasing incidence of HCC. Patients with HCCPM have a dismal prognosis with low survival rates. Liver-directed surgery, use of chemotherapy, and radiation may be associated with improved outcomes.

中文翻译：

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新诊断肝细胞癌的肺转移：一项基于人群的回顾性研究。

背景

肝细胞癌 (HCC) 是原发性肝癌的主要形式，几十年来发病率稳步上升，并且有发生肝外转移的倾向，尤其是肺转移 (PM)。本研究旨在调查 HCCPM 患者的时间发病率趋势、治疗和存活率。

方法

美国国家癌症研究所 (NCI) 监测、流行病学和最终结果登记 (SEER) 对 2010 年至 2016 年的 HCCPM 患者进行了回顾性审查。

结果

确定了 2242 名 HCCPM 患者。从 2010 年到 2016 年，HCCPM 的总体发生率没有变化，年变化百分比 (APC) 为 0.87%（95% CI = -2.50%–4.35%，P  = 0.542）。在性别、年龄和种族的亚组分析中发现了类似的发病率趋势模式。HCCPM 的 1 年观察生存率为 10.8% (95%CI = 8.9%–12.8%)，相对生存率为 11.0% (95%CI = 9.1%–13.1%)。在接受肝脏定向手术的患者、接受化疗的患者和接受放射治疗的患者中，结果更好。

结论

HCCPM 的发病率并不随着 HCC 发病率的增加而增加。HCCPM 患者预后不佳，存活率低。肝脏导向手术、使用化疗和放疗可能与改善预后有关。