Abstract The widespread use of low dimensional carbon membrane for desalination and gas separation is limited by the difficulty to physically realise such membrane designs on a meaningful scale. This review aims to bring together results achieved in this field, hoping to inspire new designs or developments that could bridge this technical challenge. The focus of this paper is on sub-nanometer separation operations such as desalination or gas separation. This is because such operations consume the most energy, and there is thus much interest to reduce this cost. Three groups of low dimensional carbon materials are considered: graphene, carbon nanotubes (CNT) and graphene oxide (GO). Graphene and CNT membranes have the advantage of high permeability but are difficult to manipulate to form membranes that separate efficiently. GO, on the other hand, has the advantage of ease of fabrication but suffers in terms of separation performance. This review dives deep into the innovative ideas proposed for these low dimensional carbon membrane design, deliberating their strengths and weaknesses, in a consolidated effort to generate new ideas for further advancements.

中文翻译：

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低维碳淡化与气体分离膜设计综述

摘要 低维碳膜在海水淡化和气体分离中的广泛使用受到难以在有意义的规模上物理实现这种膜设计的限制。本次审查旨在汇集该领域取得的成果，希望能激发新的设计或开发，以弥合这一技术挑战。本文的重点是亚纳米分离操作，如脱盐或气体分离。这是因为此类操作消耗的能量最多，因此降低这种成本非常有兴趣。考虑了三组低维碳材料：石墨烯、碳纳米管（CNT）和氧化石墨烯（GO）。石墨烯和碳纳米管膜具有高渗透性的优点，但难以操作以形成有效分离的膜。去，另一方面，具有易于制造的优点，但在分离性能方面受到影响。这篇综述深入探讨了为这些低维碳膜设计提出的创新想法，审议了它们的优缺点，共同努力为进一步发展产生新的想法。