The correlation between systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and microbiota colonization has been receiving much attention during recent years. Here, we screened the cutaneous bacterial spectrums of 69 SLE patients, 49 healthy controls and 20 dermatomyositis (DM) patients and identified the specific changes of cutaneous microbial composition and abundance in SLE patients. We observed the decreasing diversity in community richness and evenness and the greater heterogeneity in SLE patients compared to healthy controls, which were also different from the cutaneous microbiome of DM patients. The skin microbial community disorders in SLE patients were correlated with several clinical features such as serum low complement level, gender, renal involvement and myositis. According to the Kruskal-Wallis (KW) test, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and LDA Effect Size (LEfSe) analysis, several bacterial taxa such as Staphylococcus, especially Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis, were identified to be potential markers for SLE skin lesions. Furthermore, Picrust analysis showed that Staphylococcus aureus infection pathway was significantly enriched and exhibited a strong correlation with genus Staphylococcus in SLE patients. The changes in the composition and abundance of cutaneous microbiota in SLE patients suggest that the microbial dysbiosis is associated with the pathogenesis of SLE, which may be potentially reliable biomarker or therapeutic target for SLE.

近年来，系统性红斑狼疮（SLE）与微生物群定植之间的相关性已引起广泛关注。在这里，我们筛选了69位SLE患者，49位健康对照和20位皮肌炎（DM）患者的皮肤细菌光谱，并确定了SLE患者皮肤微生物组成和丰度的特定变化。我们观察到，与健康对照组相比，SLE患者的社区丰富度和均匀性差异不断减小，异质性更大，这也与DM患者的皮肤微生物组不同。SLE患者的皮肤微生物群落紊乱与几种临床特征相关，例如血清低补体水平，性别，肾脏受累和肌炎。根据Kruskal-Wallis（KW）测试，葡萄球菌，特别是金黄色葡萄球菌和表皮葡萄球菌，被确定为SLE皮肤病变的潜在标志。此外，Picrust分析表明，SLE患者的金黄色葡萄球菌感染途径明显丰富，并且与葡萄球菌属密切相关。SLE患者皮肤微生物群组成和丰度的变化表明，微生物营养不良与SLE的发病机制有关，SLE可能是潜在的可靠生物标志物或治疗靶标。