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Toxic consequences and oxidative protein carbonylation from chloropicrin exposure in human corneal epithelial cells
Toxicology Letters ( IF 3.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.12.023
Dinesh G Goswami 1 , Rama Kant 1 , David A Ammar 1 , Chapla Agarwal 1 , Joe Gomez 1 , Rajesh Agarwal 1 , Laura M Saba 1 , Kristofer S Fritz 1 , Neera Tewari-Singh 2
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Chloropicrin (CP), a warfare agent now majorly used as a soil pesticide, is a strong irritating and lacrimating compound with devastating toxic effects. To elucidate the mechanism of its ocular toxicity, toxic effects of CP (0-100 µM) were studied in primary human corneal epithelial (HCE) cells. CP exposure resulted in reduced HCE cell viability and increased apoptotic cell death with an up-regulation of cleaved caspase 3 and poly ADP ribose polymerase indicating their contribution in CP-induced apoptotic cell death. Following CP exposure, cells exhibited increased expression of heme oxygenase-1, and phosphorylation of H2A.X and p53 as well as 4-hydroxynonenal adduct formation, suggesting oxidative stress, DNA damage and lipid peroxidation. CP also caused increases in mitogen activated protein kinase-c-Jun N-terminal kinase and inflammatory mediator cyclooxygenase-2. Proteomic analysis revealed an increase in the carbonylation of 179 proteins and enrichment of pathways (including proteasome pathway and catabolic process) in HCE cells following CP exposure. CP-induced oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation can enhance protein carbonylation, prompting alterations in corneal epithelial proteins as well as perturbing signaling pathways resulting in toxic effects. Pathways and major processes identified following CP exposure could be lead-hit targets for further biochemical and molecular characterization as well as therapeutic intervention.

中文翻译:

人角膜上皮细胞中氯化苦暴露的毒性后果和氧化蛋白羰基化

氯化苦 (CP) 是一种现在主要用作土壤杀虫剂的战剂,是一种强烈的刺激性和流泪化合物,具有破坏性的毒性作用。为了阐明其眼部毒性的机制,在原代人角膜上皮 (HCE) 细胞中研究了 CP (0-100 µM) 的毒性作用。CP 暴露导致 HCE 细胞活力降低和凋亡细胞死亡增加,裂解的半胱天冬酶 3 和聚 ADP 核糖聚合酶的上调表明它们在 CP 诱导的凋亡细胞死亡中的贡献。CP 暴露后,细胞表现出血红素加氧酶-1 的表达增加、H2A.X 和 p53 的磷酸化以及 4-羟基壬烯醛加合物的形成,表明存在氧化应激、DNA 损伤和脂质过氧化。CP 还导致丝裂原活化蛋白激酶-c-Jun N-末端激酶和炎症介质环氧合酶-2 的增加。蛋白质组学分析显示 CP 暴露后 HCE 细胞中 179 种蛋白质的羰基化增加和途径(包括蛋白酶体途径和分解代谢过程)的富集。CP 诱导的氧化应激和脂质过氧化可以增强蛋白质羰基化,促进角膜上皮蛋白的改变以及扰乱导致毒性作用的信号通路。在 CP 暴露后确定的途径和主要过程可能是进一步生化和分子表征以及治疗干预的铅命中目标。蛋白质组学分析显示 CP 暴露后 HCE 细胞中 179 种蛋白质的羰基化增加和途径(包括蛋白酶体途径和分解代谢过程)的富集。CP 诱导的氧化应激和脂质过氧化可以增强蛋白质羰基化,促进角膜上皮蛋白的改变以及扰乱导致毒性作用的信号通路。在 CP 暴露后确定的途径和主要过程可能是进一步生化和分子表征以及治疗干预的铅命中目标。蛋白质组学分析显示 CP 暴露后 HCE 细胞中 179 种蛋白质的羰基化增加和途径(包括蛋白酶体途径和分解代谢过程)的富集。CP 诱导的氧化应激和脂质过氧化可以增强蛋白质羰基化,促使角膜上皮蛋白发生改变,并扰乱信号通路,导致毒性作用。在 CP 暴露后确定的途径和主要过程可能是进一步生化和分子表征以及治疗干预的铅命中目标。
更新日期:2020-04-01
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