Breast cancer is one of lethal cancers among women with its metastasis leading to cancer-related morbidity and mortality. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) derived from a primary tumor can be detected in the venous blood of cancer patients. Monitoring CTCs in blood samples has increased exponentially over the past decades and holds great promise in the diagnosis and treatment of metastatic breast cancer. Electrochemical cytosensors, classified as a class of electrochemical biosensors for sensitive detection and enumeration of targeted cells with minimally invasive methods, have the advantages of electrochemical biosensors, such as simplicity, low cost, and low limit of detection. Here, we review recent progress in the detection of CTCs from breast cancer with a focus on electrochemical cytosensors. This review describes platforms benefiting from these cytosensors to identify cancerous breast cells. Furthermore, strategies for signal amplification and also generation of reusable electrochemical cytosensors are introduced. In addition, breast cancer markers and biorecognition elements for cell capturing are reviewed.

中文翻译：

---

用于检测乳腺癌细胞的电化学细胞传感器。

乳腺癌是女性致死性癌症之一，其转移导致癌症相关的发病率和死亡率。可以在癌症患者的静脉血中检测到源自原发性肿瘤的循环肿瘤细胞（CTC）。在过去的几十年中，监测血液样本中的四氯化碳呈指数增长，在转移性乳腺癌的诊断和治疗中具有广阔的前景。电化学细胞传感器被归类为利用微创方法灵敏地检测和计数靶细胞的电化学生物传感器的一类，具有电化学生物传感器的优点，例如简单，低成本和低检测限。在这里，我们综述了从乳腺癌中检测四氯化碳的最新进展，重点是电化学细胞传感器。这篇综述描述了受益于这些细胞传感器的平台来鉴定癌性乳腺癌细胞。此外，介绍了信号放大策略以及可重复使用的电化学细胞传感器的产生。另外，回顾了用于细胞捕获的乳腺癌标志物和生物识别元件。