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Soil organic carbon increment sources and crop yields under long‐term conservation tillage practices in wheat‐maize systems
Land Degradation & Development ( IF 4.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-26 , DOI: 10.1002/ldr.3531
Zhen Liu 1 , Tianping Gao 1 , Shenzhong Tian 2 , Hengyu Hu 3 , Geng Li 1 , Tangyuan Ning 1
Affiliation  

Long‐term tillage and straw incorporation significantly affect soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration and crop yield. However, the studies on the SOC sources under multicropping system are relatively few. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of conservation tillage on SOC and crop yields and distinguish the SOC sources from wheat (C3) and maize (C4). Therefore, the dynamics of SOC, SOC sequestration, and crop yield were evaluated during 15 years of conservation agriculture under conventional tillage (CT), subsoiling (ST), rotary tillage (RT), and zero tillage (ZT) without or with straw incorporation (CTS, STS, RTS, and ZTS, respectively). The results indicated that the highest mean SOC concentration in the 0‐ to 30‐cm soil was found under STS (11.80 g kg−1), which increased by 2.29 g kg−1 than that under CT, whereas RT had the lowest mean SOC concentration (8.10 g kg−1). The increases in annual yield ranged from 0.58 (ZT) to 4.93 (ST) Mg ha−1 during 2005–2017. In comparison with the annual yield of CT, that of STS increased by 2 Mg ha−1 and was significantly higher than other treatments (p < .05) except ZTS and CTS. In comparison with CT, the SOC stock and carbon sequestration rate of STS were the highest and increased by 15.64 Mg ha−1 and 1.05 Mg ha−1 yr−1, respectively, in the 0‐ to 30‐cm soil. Moreover, the relative contribution of wheat residues to SOC was higher than maize residues under all treatments. Thus, subsoiling combined with C3 straw incorporation was more suitable for restoring degraded land and increasing yields.

中文翻译:

小麦-玉米系统长期保护性耕作下的土壤有机碳增量源和作物产量

长期耕作和秸秆还田会显着影响土壤有机碳的固存和农作物的产量。然而,关于多作系统下SOC来源的研究相对较少。这项研究的目的是评估保护性耕作对SOC和作物产量的影响,并区分来自小麦(C3)和玉米(C4)的SOC来源。因此,在不使用或结合秸秆的常规耕作(CT),深层耕作(ST),旋转耕作(RT)和零耕作(ZT)下15年的保护性农业中,评估了SOC,SOC螯合和作物产量的动态。 (分别为CTS,STS,RTS和ZTS)。结果表明,在STS下,0至30 cm土壤中的平均SOC浓度最高(11.80 g kg -1),增加了2.29 g kg-1比CT下的-1低,而RT的平均SOC浓度最低(8.10 g kg -1)。在2005-2017年期间,年产量的增加幅度从0.58(ZT)到4.93(ST)Mg ha -1。与CT的年产量相比,STS的年产量增加了2 Mg ha -1,并且显着高于 除ZTS和CTS以外的其他处理方法(p <.05)。与CT相比,STS的SOC储量和固碳率最高,分别增加了15.64 Mg ha -1和1.05 Mg ha -1  yr -1分别放在0到30厘米的土壤中。此外,在所有处理中,小麦残留物对SOC的相对贡献均高于玉米残留物。因此,将深层土壤与C3秸秆结合使用更适合于恢复退化的土地并提高产量。
更新日期:2020-01-26
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