As the majority of fungi are nonmotile, polarized growth in response to an external signal enables them to search for nutrients and mating partners, and hence is crucial for survival and proliferation. Although the mechanisms underlying polarization in response to external signals has commonalities with polarization during mitotic division, during budding, and fission growth, the importance of diverse feedback loops regulating external signal-mediated polarized growth is likely to be distinct and uniquely adapted to a dynamic environment. Here, we highlight recent advances in our understanding of the mechanisms that are crucial for polarity in response to external signals in fungi, with particular focus on the roles of membrane traffic, small GTPases, and lipids, as well as the interplay between cell shape and cell growth.

中文翻译：

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外部信号介导的真菌极化生长。

由于大多数真菌是不活动的，响应外部信号的极化生长使它们能够寻找营养和交配伙伴，因此对于存活和增殖至关重要。尽管响应外部信号的极化机制与有丝分裂，萌芽和裂变生长期间的极化有共性，但调节外部信号介导的极化生长的各种反馈回路的重要性可能是截然不同的，并且独特地适应了动态环境。在这里，我们重点介绍了对真菌响应外部信号的极性至关重要的机制的最新进展，特别是着眼于膜运输，小GTP酶和脂质的作用，以及细胞形状和结构之间的相互作用。细胞生长。