The development of H2O2-responsive fluorescent glycopolymers with high specificity, sensitivity, and water solubility is a promising strategy for developing probes to detect the production and delivery of endogenous H2O2. Herein, two series of fluorescent glycopolymers (boronic acid derivatives, PG-PFE, and borate derivatives, PG-PFW) were synthesized through esterification and the Williamson reaction, respectively. To increase the sensitivity of the fluorescent glycopolymers, the effect of the reaction conditions on the grafting ratio was investigated in detail. Compared with the PG-PFE samples, the PG-PFW samples had a higher grafting ratio due to the highly efficient Williamson reaction. The structure and properties of the fluorescent glycopolymers were characterized by using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography, ultraviolet spectroscopy, and photoluminescent spectroscopy. The obtained results showed that all of these fluorescent glycopolymers had good water solubility, low cytotoxicity, and selective responsiveness toward H2O2. HPG-PFW-5, with the highest grafting ratio, displayed a higher sensitivity toward H2O2 and higher stability during hydrolysis than the other materials. In confocal laser scanning microscope images, all of the fluorescent glycopolymers were observed only in cellular mitochondria, and HPG-PFW-5 exhibited a high degree of overlap with Mitotracker Red because of its high sensitivity. Two series of fluorescent glycopolymers (boronic acid derivatives, PG-PFE, and borate derivatives, PG-PFW) were synthesized through different methods. Compared with the PG-PFE samples, the PG-PFW samples had a higher grafting ratio due to the highly efficient Williamson reaction. The fluorescent glycopolymers possessed good water solubility, low cytotoxicity and selective responsiveness toward H2O2. Meantime, the fluorescent glycopolymers were imaged only in cellular mitochondria based on the fact that endogenous H2O2 is mainly distributed in cellular mitochondria.

中文翻译：

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一种用于全水环境中活细胞内源性过氧化氢成像的新型荧光糖聚合物

开发具有高特异性、灵敏度和水溶性的 H2O2 响应荧光糖聚合物是开发检测内源性 H2O2 产生和传递的探针的有前途的策略。在此，分别通过酯化和威廉姆森反应合成了两个系列的荧光糖聚合物（硼酸衍生物，PG-PFE 和硼酸盐衍生物，PG-PFW）。为了提高荧光糖聚合物的灵敏度，详细研究了反应条件对接枝率的影响。与 PG-PFE 样品相比，PG-PFW 样品由于高效的威廉姆森反应而具有更高的接枝率。通过使用核磁共振光谱表征荧光糖聚合物的结构和性质，凝胶渗透色谱、紫外光谱和光致发光光谱。所得结果表明，所有这些荧光糖聚合物都具有良好的水溶性、低细胞毒性和对 H2O2 的选择性响应。HPG-PFW-5 具有最高的接枝率，与其他材料相比，对 H2O2 表现出更高的敏感性和更高的水解稳定性。在共聚焦激光扫描显微镜图像中，所有荧光糖聚合物仅在细胞线粒体中观察到，并且 HPG-PFW-5 由于其高灵敏度而与 Mitotracker Red 表现出高度重叠。通过不同的方法合成了两个系列的荧光糖聚合物（硼酸衍生物，PG-PFE 和硼酸盐衍生物，PG-PFW）。与 PG-PFE 样品相比，由于高效的威廉姆森反应，PG-PFW 样品具有更高的接枝率。荧光糖聚合物具有良好的水溶性、低细胞毒性和对 H2O2 的选择性响应。同时，基于内源性 H2O2 主要分布在细胞线粒体中的事实，荧光糖聚合物仅在细胞线粒体中成像。