Theories of modified gravity, where light scalars with non-trivial self-interactions and non-minimal couplings to matter—chameleon and symmetron theories—dynamically suppress deviations from general relativity in the solar system. On other scales, the environmental nature of the screening means that such scalars may be relevant. The highly-nonlinear nature of screening mechanisms means that they evade classical fifth-force searches, and there has been an intense effort towards designing new and novel tests to probe them, both in the laboratory and using astrophysical objects, and by reinterpreting existing datasets. The results of these searches are often presented using different parametrizations, which can make it difficult to compare constraints coming from different probes. The purpose of this review is to summarize the present state-of-the-art searches for screened scalars coupled to matter, and to translate the current bounds into a single parametrization to survey the state of the models. Presently, commonly studied chameleon models are well-constrained but less commonly studied models have large regions of parameter space that are still viable. Symmetron models are constrained well by astrophysical and laboratory tests, but there is a desert separating the two scales where the model is unconstrained. The coupling of chameleons to photons is tightly constrained but the symmetron coupling has yet to be explored. We also summarize the current bounds on f(R) models that exhibit the chameleon mechanism (Hu and Sawicki models). The simplest of these are well constrained by astrophysical probes, but there are currently few reported bounds for theories with higher powers of R. The review ends by discussing the future prospects for constraining screened modified gravity models further using upcoming and planned experiments.

修正引力理论，其中光标量具有非平凡的自相互作用和与物质的非最小耦合——变色龙和对称子理论——动态地抑制太阳系中广义相对论的偏差。在其他尺度上，筛选的环境性质意味着这些标量可能是相关的。筛选机制的高度非线性性质意味着它们可以逃避经典的第五力搜索，并且人们一直在努力设计新的和新颖的测试来探测它们，无论是在实验室中还是使用天体物理物体，以及通过重新解释现有数据集。这些搜索的结果通常使用不同的参数化来呈现，这使得比较来自不同探针的约束变得困难。本次综述的目的是总结当前对与物质耦合的筛选标量的最先进的搜索，并将当前边界转换为单个参数化以调查模型的状态。目前，普遍研究的变色龙模型受到良好约束，但较少研究的模型具有仍然可行的大参数空间区域。 Symmetron 模型受到天体物理学和实验室测试的良好约束，但模型不受约束的两个尺度之间存在一个沙漠。变色龙与光子的耦合受到严格限制，但对称子耦合仍有待探索。我们还总结了展示变色龙机制（Hu 和 Sawicki 模型）的f ( R ) 模型的当前界限。其中最简单的一个受到天体物理探测器的很好约束，但目前很少有关于具有更高R幂的理论的报道。评论最后讨论了使用即将进行的和计划中的实验进一步约束筛选的修改重力模型的未来前景。