A 42-year-old female patient was referred to our gastroenterology department with a 4-month history of weekly symptoms of dysphagia for solids and liquids. The patient also reported occasional symptoms of food impaction and heartburn. She denied nausea, vomiting, weight loss or a recent change in bowel habits. The patient was not under any medication. Medical or surgical history was unremarkable. There was no family history of gastrointestinal cancer. Physical examination was normal, and laboratory tests did not reveal anaemia or other abnormalities. She underwent an oesophagogastroduodenoscopy, and the oesophagus is shown in figure 1. Biopsies were performed in the upper and lower parts of the oesophagus and …

中文翻译：

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年轻女性患者吞咽困难：并非总是那么简单

一名 42 岁的女性患者因每周出现固体和液体吞咽困难症状 4 个月被转诊至我们的胃肠科。患者还报告了偶尔的食物嵌塞和胃灼热症状。她否认恶心、呕吐、体重减轻或近期排便习惯改变。病人没有服用任何药物。病史或手术史无异常。无胃肠道癌家族史。体格检查正常，实验室检查未发现贫血或其他异常。她接受了食管胃十二指肠镜检查，食道如图 1 所示。在食道的上部和下部进行了活检，并且……