Background

Self-regulation deficits expressed through a decreased ability to value future rewards (delay discounting (DD)) and impaired emotion regulation (negative urgency (NU), cannabis coping motives (CCM), and anxiety sensitivity (AS)) relate to more frequent or problematic cannabis use. However, there is a need to better understand how self-regulation and emotion regulation constructs reflect competition between deliberative and reactive systems that drive individual differences in cannabis use patterns. Further, few studies assess frequency of cannabis use within and across days of use, which may obscure differentiation of individual differences.

Methods

In a large national sample of 2,545 cannabis users, Latent Class Analysis was used to derive participant sub-classes based on two frequency indices, self-reported cannabis use days and times cannabis was used per day. Three classes emerged: Low (1-9 days/month, 1 time/day; 23%), moderate (10-29 days/month, 2-3 times/day; 41%), and high (30 days/month, ≥4 times/day; 36%). Relationships among frequency classes and emotional regulation and impulsivity were assessed with a multinomial logistic regression.

Results

Higher frequency use was associated with greater DD (χ² = 6.0, p = .05), greater CCM (χ² = 73.3, p < .001), and lower cognitive AS (χ² = 12.1, p = .002), when controlling for demographics, tobacco use, and number of cannabis administration methods. Frequency class and NU were not significantly associated.

Conclusions

Identifying meaningful patterns of cannabis use may improve our understanding of individual differences that increase risk of frequent or problematic cannabis use. Excessive delay discounting and using cannabis to cope with negative affect may be relevant targets for treatments designed to reduce cannabis use.

中文翻译：

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在大量成年大麻使用者样本中，更大的延迟折扣和大麻应对动机与更频繁地使用大麻有关。

背景

通过降低对未来奖励的价值（延迟贴现（DD））和情绪调节（负尿急（NU），大麻应对动机（CCM）和焦虑敏感性（AS））的能力降低来表示的自我调节缺陷。有问题的大麻使用。但是，有必要更好地了解自我调节和情绪调节的构造如何反映出审议系统和反应系统之间的竞争，这些系统推动了大麻使用方式的个体差异。此外，很少有研究评估大麻在使用之内和之内的使用频率，这可能掩盖了个体差异的差异。

方法

在一个全国范围内的2,545名大麻使用者的大型样本中，使用潜在类别分析基于两个频率指数（自我报告的大麻使用天数和每天使用大麻的次数）来得出参与者子类别。出现了三类：低（1-9天/月，1次/天； 23％），中（10-29天/月，2-3次/天； 41％）和高（30天/月， ≥4次/天； 36％）。频率类别与情绪调节和冲动之间的关系通过多项逻辑回归进行评估。

结果

更高频率的使用与较大的DD相关联（χ ²  = 6.0，p  = 0.05），大于CCM（χ ²  = 73.3，p  <0.001），并降低认知AS（χ ²  = 12.1，p  = 0.002），在控制人口统计，烟草使用和大麻施用方法的数量时。频率等级和NU没有显着相关。

结论

确定有意义的大麻使用方式可以增进我们对个体差异的理解，这些个体差异增加了频繁或有问题的大麻使用风险。过度延迟贴现和使用大麻应对负面影响可能是旨在减少大麻使用的治疗的相关目标。