Intrauterine adhesions caused by damage to the basal layer of the endometrium have a serious impact on women's fertility. Currently, there is no effective treatment to promote the regeneration of the endometrium. Urinary bladder matrix (UBM) is a derivative extracellular matrix biomaterial that has a complete basement membrane and provides a basis for the body to achieve complete self-functional repair. In this study, UBM was transplanted into the uterine horns of intrauterine adhesions in Sprague-Dawley rats to test whether UBM could improve endometrial regeneration in rats with intrauterine adhesions. Thicker endometria, increased numbers of glands, fewer fibrotic areas and increased proliferation of cells and blood vessels were found in the UBM group compared to the injury group. Transplantation of UBM reduced the mRNA levels of proinflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor α) and increased those of anti-inflammatory cytokines (basic fibroblast growth factor) compared to the injury group. In the UBM group, the mRNA expression of endometrial receptivity factors (leukemia inhibitory factor and integrin αVβ3) was higher than that in the injury group, but it was lower than that in the normal group and the sham-operated group. More embryos were seen in the UBM group than in the injury group, although the UBM group had fewer embryos than the normal and sham-operated groups. Therefore, UBM may contribute to endometrial regeneration and may improve endometrial receptivity and fertility.

中文翻译：

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在宫内粘连的大鼠模型中，膀胱基质支架可改善子宫内膜的再生。

由子宫内膜基底层受损引起的宫内粘连严重影响妇女的生育能力。当前，没有有效的疗法来促进子宫内膜的再生。膀胱基质（UBM）是一种衍生的细胞外基质生物材料，具有完整的基底膜，为身体提供了完成自我功能修复的基础。在这项研究中，将UBM移植到Sprague-Dawley大鼠子宫内粘连的子宫角中，以测试UBM是否可以改善子宫内粘连大鼠的子宫内膜再生。与损伤组相比，UBM组发现子宫内膜较厚，腺体数目增加，纤维化区域减少以及细胞和血管的增殖增加。与损伤组相比，UBM的移植降低了促炎细胞因子（肿瘤坏死因子α）的mRNA水平，并增加了抗炎细胞因子（碱性成纤维细胞生长因子）的mRNA水平。在UBM组中，子宫内膜接受因子（白血病抑制因子和整联蛋白αVβ3）的mRNA表达高于损伤组，但低于正常组和假手术组。尽管UBM组的胚胎数量少于正常组和假手术组，但UBM组的胚胎数量却多于损伤组。因此，UBM可能有助于子宫内膜再生，并可以改善子宫内膜的接受能力和生育能力。