Abstract The application of membranes for environmental applications is becoming increasingly popular with researchers and scientists. This work reports the surface modification of membranes by a facile technique and its subsequent use for efficient separation of different types of oils from water. Stainless steel membranes were dip-coated with different concentrations of a low surface energy silane, perfluorooctyltrichlorosilane. The bonding between the silane film and substrate were confirmed by the use of spectroscopic techniques such as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Scanning electron microscopic images showed the coatings to be continuous and uniform, an observation that was corroborated by the presence of almost spherical water droplets on different regions of the coated membrane. Contact angle measurements with representative oils and water revealed the superoleophilic (CA ∼0°) and superhydrophobic (CA ∼150.5°) character of the modified membrane after seven immersion cycles in the silane. The coated membrane was able to separate different types of oils from water with a high efficiency (>95 %) that was maintained after repeated passage. The separation mechanism was explained by a theoretical model that takes into account interfacial tension and pressure-driven forces. The usefulness of the coated membrane for large-scale applications was demonstrated by the high values of oil fluxes and the large intrusion pressures determined experimentally.

中文翻译：

---

通过浸涂硅烷轻松制备超润湿表面，以有效地将不同类型的油与水分离

摘要 膜在环境应用中的应用越来越受到研究人员和科学家的欢迎。这项工作报告了通过一种简单的技术对膜进行表面改性，并随后将其用于从水中有效分离不同类型的油。不锈钢膜浸涂有不同浓度的低表面能硅烷，全氟辛基三氯硅烷。通过使用光谱技术如 X 射线光电子能谱和傅里叶变换红外光谱证实了硅烷膜和基材之间的结合。扫描电子显微图像显示涂层是连续且均匀的，这一观察结果被涂层膜不同区域上几乎球形水滴的存在所证实。与代表性油和水的接触角测量表明，在硅烷中浸渍七次后，改性膜具有超亲油性（CA ～0°）和超疏水性（CA ～150.5°）特性。涂覆的膜能够以高效率（> 95 %）从水中分离不同类型的油，并且在重复通过后仍能保持这种效率。分离机制由一个理论模型解释，该模型考虑了界面张力和压力驱动力。通过实验确定的高油通量值和大侵入压力证明了涂层膜对大规模应用的有用性。5°) 在硅烷中浸泡七次后改性膜的特性。经涂覆的膜能够以高效率（> 95 %）将不同类型的油与水分离，并且在重复通过后仍能保持这种效率。分离机制由一个理论模型解释，该模型考虑了界面张力和压力驱动力。通过实验确定的高油通量值和大侵入压力证明了涂层膜对大规模应用的有用性。5°) 在硅烷中浸泡七次后改性膜的特性。经涂覆的膜能够以高效率（> 95 %）将不同类型的油与水分离，并且在重复通过后仍能保持这种效率。分离机制由一个理论模型解释，该模型考虑了界面张力和压力驱动力。通过实验确定的高油通量值和大侵入压力证明了涂层膜对大规模应用的有用性。