Pharmaceutical drugs are usually and continuously carried to the aquatic environment in different ways. Thus, they are pseudo-persistent in the environment, and they may exert deleterious effects on aquatic organisms. The objective of the present study was to investigate the acute and chronic effects of two widely used pharmaceutical drugs, paracetamol (analgesic and antipyretic) and propranolol (β-blocker) on the activity of specific biomarkers (namely cholinesterase enzymes and lactate dehydrogenase) of the neotropical fish Phalloceros harpagos. The obtained results indicate an inhibition of the activity of the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) after acute exposure to paracetamol, and an increase in cholinesterase activity in acutely propranolol-exposed fish. Chronic exposure to both drugs did not modify the enzymatic activities. Such short-term changes in enzymatic activities may be harmful to organisms, altering the preferential pathway of energy metabolism, and may induce behavioral changes that may compromise prey capture and predator escape, and in the longer term may induce population declines.

中文翻译：

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人类使用药物对新热带鱼类Phalloceros harpagos的神经毒性和呼吸作用。

药物通常以不同的方式连续地运送到水生环境中。因此，它们在环境中是伪持久的，并且可能对水生生物产生有害影响。本研究的目的是研究两种广泛使用的药物扑热息痛（镇痛和退烧药）和普萘洛尔（β受体阻滞剂）对小鼠体内特定生物标志物（即胆碱酯酶和乳酸脱氢酶）活性的急性和慢性作用。新热带鱼Phalloceros harpagos。获得的结果表明，急性暴露于扑热息痛后，乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）的活性受到抑制，急性普萘洛尔暴露的鱼类胆碱酯酶活性增加。长期暴露于两种药物均未改变酶活性。