Infection by human immunodeficiency virus still represents a continuous serious concern and a global threat to human health. Due to appearance of multi-resistant virus strains and the serious adverse side effects of the antiretroviral therapy administered, there is an urgent need for the development of new treatment agents, more active, less toxic and with increased tolerability to mutations. Quinoxaline derivatives are an emergent class of heterocyclic compounds with a wide spectrum of biological activities and therapeutic applications. These types of compounds have also shown high potency in the inhibition of HIV reverse transcriptase and HIV replication in cell culture. For these reasons we propose, in this work, the design, synthesis and biological evaluation of quinoxaline derivatives targeting HIV reverse transcriptase enzyme. For this, we first carried out a structure-based development of target-specific compound virtual chemical library of quinoxaline derivatives. The rational construction of the virtual chemical library was based on previously assigned pharmacophore features. This library was processed by a virtual screening protocol employing molecular docking and 3D-QSAR. Twenty-five quinoxaline compounds were selected for synthesis in the basis of their docking and 3D-QSAR scores and chemical synthetic simplicity. They were evaluated as inhibitors of the recombinant wild-type reverse transcriptase enzyme. Finally, the anti-HIV activity and cytotoxicity of the synthesized quinoxaline compounds with highest reverse transcriptase inhibitory capabilities was evaluated. This simple screening strategy led to the discovery of two selective and potent quinoxaline reverse transcriptase inhibitors with high selectivity index.

中文翻译：

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设计，合成和生物学评估喹喔啉类化合物作为针对逆转录酶的抗HIV药物。

人类免疫缺陷病毒的感染仍然代表着持续的严重关注和对人类健康的全球威胁。由于多抗性病毒株的出现和所施用的抗逆转录病毒疗法的严重不良副作用，迫切需要开发新的治疗剂，其活性更高，毒性更低并且对突变的耐受性增强。喹喔啉衍生物是一类新兴的杂环化合物，具有广泛的生物学活性和治疗应用。这些类型的化合物还显示出在细胞培养中抑制HIV逆转录酶和HIV复制的高效能。由于这些原因，我们在这项工作中提出了针对HIV逆转录酶的喹喔啉衍生物的设计，合成和生物学评估。为了这，我们首先对喹喔啉衍生物的靶标特异性化合物虚拟化学文库进行了基于结构的开发。虚拟化学库的合理构建基于先前分配的药效团特征。该库通过采用分子对接和3D-QSAR的虚拟筛选方案进行处理。根据对接和3D-QSAR得分以及化学合成的简便性，选择了25种喹喔啉化合物进行合成。他们被评估为重组野生型逆转录酶的抑制剂。最后，评估了具有最高逆转录酶抑制能力的合成喹喔啉化合物的抗HIV活性和细胞毒性。