Bacterial vectors, as microscopic living ‘robotic factories’, can be reprogrammed into microscopic living ‘robotic factories’, using a top‐down bioengineering approach to produce and deliver anticancer agents. Most of the current research has focused on bacterial species such as Salmonella typhimurium or Clostridium novyi. However, Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) is another promising candidate with probiotic properties. EcN offers increased applicability for cancer treatment with the development of new molecular biology and complete genome sequencing techniques. In this review, we discuss the genetics and physical properties of EcN. We also summarize and analyse recent studies regarding tumour therapy mediated by EcN. Many challenges remain in the development of more promising strategies for combatting cancer with EcN.

中文翻译：

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生物工程大肠杆菌Nissle 1917，用于肿瘤靶向治疗。

细菌载体作为微观的“机器人工厂”，可以使用自上而下的生物工程方法重新编程为微观的“机器人工厂”，以生产和提供抗癌药物。当前大多数研究集中在细菌种类上，如鼠伤寒沙门氏菌或诺氏梭状芽胞杆菌。但是，大肠杆菌Nissle 1917（EcN）是另一个具有益生菌特性的有前途的候选人。随着新分子生物学的发展和完整的基因组测序技术的发展，EcN在癌症治疗方面的应用越来越广泛。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了EcN的遗传学和物理特性。我们还总结并分析了有关EcN介导的肿瘤治疗的最新研究。在开发更具前景的EcN对抗癌症的策略中，仍然存在许多挑战。