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Diet quality and cognitive function in mid-aged and older men and women.
BMC Geriatrics ( IF 4.1 ) Pub Date : 2019-12-21 , DOI: 10.1186/s12877-019-1326-5
Catherine M Milte 1 , Kylie Ball 1 , David Crawford 1 , Sarah A McNaughton 1
Affiliation  

BACKGROUND To date much research into nutrition and cognitive function has been at the nutrient or food level, with inconsistent results. There is increasing interest in the dietary pattern approach to assess whole diet quality and its association with cognitive function. This study investigated if diet quality is associated with cognitive function in men and women aged 55 years and over. METHODS Adults aged 55-65 years in the Wellbeing, Eating and Exercise for a Long Life (WELL) study in Victoria, Australia (n = 617) completed a postal survey including a 111-item food frequency questionnaire in 2010 and 2014. Diet quality was assessed via the revised dietary guideline index (DGI-2013) and also by its individual components which assessed key food groups and dietary behaviours from the Australian Dietary Guidelines. The Telephone Interview of Cognitive Status (TICS-m) measured cognitive function in 2014. Associations between past (2010) and recent (2014) diet quality and its components, and cognitive function were assessed by linear regression adjusted for covariates. RESULTS After adjustment for age, sex, education, urban/rural status and physical activity there were no associations between diet quality in 2010 and cognitive function in 2014. However participants who reported higher dietary variety (B = 0.28, 95% CI 0.03, 0.52) and women who reported "sometimes" adding salt to food after cooking (B = 0.98, 95% CI 0.25, 1.71) in 2010 displayed better cognitive function in 2014. In 2014, usual consumption of higher fibre bread choices in the total sample (B = 1.32, 95% CI 0.42, 2.23), and higher diet quality (B = 0.03, 95% CI 0.00, 0.07) and greater fluid consumption (B = 0.14, 95% CI 0.01, 0.27) in men were all associated with better cognitive function. In addition, men who reported "usually" adding salt to their food during cooking displayed poorer cognitive function (B = -1.37, 95% CI -2.39, - 0.35). There were no other associations between dietary intake and cognitive function observed in the adjusted models. CONCLUSION An association between dietary variety and some limited dietary behaviours and cognitive function was observed, with variation by gender. Future research should consider trajectories of dietary change over longer time periods as determinants of health and function in older age.

中文翻译:

中老年人和男性的饮食质量和认知功能。

背景技术迄今为止,已经在营养或食物水平上对营养和认知功能进行了大量研究,但结果不一致。人们越来越关注饮食模式方法,以评估整体饮食质量及其与认知功能的关系。这项研究调查了55岁及以上的男性和女性的饮食质量是否与认知功能相关。方法在澳大利亚维多利亚州(n = 617)进行的健康,饮食和长寿运动(WELL)研究中,年龄在55-65岁之间的成年人在2010年和2014年完成了一项包括111项食物频率问卷调查在内的邮政调查。饮食质量通过修订的饮食指南指数(DGI-2013)以及通过其个别成分对《澳大利亚饮食指南》中的关键食物组和饮食行为进行了评估。电话访问的认知状态(TICS-m)在2014年测量了认知功能。过去(2010年)和最近(2014年)饮食质量及其组成与认知功能之间的关联通过针对协变量进行了线性回归调整进行了评估。结果在调整了年龄,性别,文化程度,城市/农村状况和体育锻炼之后,2010年的饮食质量与2014年的认知功能之间没有关联。但是,参与者的饮食多样性较高(B = 0.28,95%CI 0.03,0.52) )和在2010年报告“有时”在烹饪后向食物中加盐的女性(B = 0.98,95%CI 0.25,1.71)在2014年表现出更好的认知功能。2014年,通常在总样本中食用较高纤维面包的选择( B = 1.32,95%CI 0.42,2.23)和更高的饮食质量(B = 0.03,95%CI 0.00,0)。07)和男性饮水量增加(B = 0.14,95%CI 0.01,0.27)均与较好的认知功能有关。另外,据报道在烹饪过程中“通常”在食物中加盐的男人表现出较差的认知功能(B = -1.37,95%CI -2.39,-0.35)。在调整后的模型中,饮食摄入与认知功能之间没有其他关联。结论观察到饮食多样性与某些有限的饮食行为和认知功能之间存在关联,并且存在性别差异。未来的研究应将较长时期内饮食变化的轨迹视为老年人健康和功能的决定因素。在烹饪过程中在食物中加盐显示出较差的认知功能(B = -1.37,95%CI -2.39,-0.35)。在调整后的模型中,饮食摄入与认知功能之间没有其他关联。结论观察到饮食多样性与某些有限的饮食行为和认知功能之间存在关联,并且存在性别差异。未来的研究应将较长时期内饮食变化的轨迹视为老年人健康和功能的决定因素。在烹饪过程中在食物中加盐显示出较差的认知功能(B = -1.37,95%CI -2.39,-0.35)。在调整后的模型中,饮食摄入与认知功能之间没有其他关联。结论观察到饮食多样性与某些有限的饮食行为和认知功能之间存在关联,并且存在性别差异。未来的研究应将较长时期内饮食变化的轨迹视为老年人健康和功能的决定因素。随性别而变。未来的研究应将较长时期内饮食变化的轨迹视为老年人健康和功能的决定因素。随性别而变。未来的研究应将较长时期内饮食变化的轨迹视为老年人健康和功能的决定因素。
更新日期:2019-12-21
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