BACKGROUND Patients with haematological diseases are at high risk of developing Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI). AIM The study aim was to describe excess length of stay and costs associated with CDI during the hospital stay for induction chemotherapy in the United States (USA). METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted utilizing data from US databases of Truven Health Analytics®. Comprehensive hospitalization data of patients with induction chemotherapy due to acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, Hodgkin lymphoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) were analysed. Patients with CDI occurring during the hospital stay were compared to controls through a case-control comparison of the direct treatment costs and length of stay was performed with an exact matching algorithm. FINDINGS A total of 2611 patients were included between January 2014 and December 2017. NHL (43.5%) and AML (38.4%) were the predominant underlying diseases and 15% of patients received a stem cell transplantation. During the matching, 105 CDI cases (CDI+) were compared with 801 controls (CDI-). On average, hospitalization costs were increased by US$36,113 in CDI+ compared to CDI- patients (P=0.009) and patients with CDI spent on average 8.9 additional days in hospital (P=0.003). CONCLUSIONS The findings highlight a significant burden associated with CDI in haematological patients undergoing induction chemotherapy in the USA. There is an important need for prevention of CDI in this specific patient population.

中文翻译：

---

在美国，通过诱导化疗住院期间，血液病患者难治性梭状芽胞杆菌感染相关的负担过重。

背景技术具有血液系统疾病的患者处于艰难梭状芽胞杆菌感染（CDI）的高风险中。目的本研究的目的是描述在美国（美国）进行诱导化疗的住院时间过长以及与CDI相关的费用。方法采用美国Truven HealthAnalytics®数据库的数据进行回顾性分析。分析了急性髓性白血病（AML），急性淋巴细胞白血病，霍奇金淋巴瘤和非霍奇金淋巴瘤（NHL）诱导化疗患者的综合住院数据。通过病例对照比较直接住院费用和住院时间，并使用精确匹配算法对住院期间发生的CDI患者与对照组进行比较。结果2014年1月至2017年12月，共纳入2611例患者。NHL（43.5％）和AML（38.4％）是主要的基础疾病，其中15％的患者接受了干细胞移植。在匹配过程中，将105例CDI病例（CDI +）与801例对照（CDI-）进行了比较。平均而言，与CDI-患者相比，CDI +的住院费用增加了36,113美元（P = 0.009），而CDI患者在医院的平均额外住院天数为8.9天（P = 0.003）。结论该发现突显了在美国接受诱导化疗的血液病患者与CDI相关的重大负担。在这个特定的患者人群中非常需要预防CDI。4％的患者是主要的基础疾病，而15％的患者接受了干细胞移植。在匹配过程中，将105例CDI病例（CDI +）与801例对照（CDI-）进行了比较。平均而言，与CDI-患者相比，CDI +的住院费用增加了36,113美元（P = 0.009），而CDI患者平均在医院多呆了8.9天（P = 0.003）。结论该发现突显了在美国接受诱导化疗的血液病患者与CDI相关的重大负担。在这个特定的患者人群中非常需要预防CDI。4％的患者是主要的基础疾病，而15％的患者接受了干细胞移植。在匹配过程中，将105例CDI病例（CDI +）与801例对照（CDI-）进行了比较。平均而言，与CDI-患者相比，CDI +的住院费用增加了36,113美元（P = 0.009），而CDI患者在医院的平均额外住院天数为8.9天（P = 0.003）。结论该发现突显了在美国接受诱导化疗的血液病患者与CDI相关的重大负担。在这个特定的患者人群中非常需要预防CDI。009）和CDI患者在医院平均多花了8.9天（P = 0.003）。结论该发现突显了在美国接受诱导化疗的血液病患者与CDI相关的重大负担。在这个特定的患者人群中非常需要预防CDI。009）和CDI患者在医院平均多花了8.9天（P = 0.003）。结论该发现突显了在美国接受诱导化疗的血液病患者与CDI相关的重大负担。在这个特定的患者人群中非常需要预防CDI。