Purpose: The objective of this study was to evaluate factors affecting variabilities in the observed levels of nicotine metabolite ratios in serum (NMRS, N = 10,234) and urine (NMRU, N = 2286) for US adults aged ≥20 years.Materials and methods: Data from NHANES were used to fit regression models for log10 transformed values of NMRS and NMRU stratified by gender and smoking status.Results: Females had higher NMRS than males among both smokers and non-smokers. Females had lower NMRU than males among both smokers and non-smokers. Smokers had lower levels of both NMRS and NMRU among both males and females. The order in which NMRS by race/ethnicity was observed was non-Hispanic whites > Hispanics and others > non-Hispanic blacks. The order in which NMRU by race/ethnicity was observed was non-Hispanic blacks > non-Hispanic whites > Hispanics and others. Most of the pairwise differences between non-Hispanic blacks and whites were statistically significant (p ≤ 0.02). Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) at home was associated with higher NMRU among male smokers (2.13 vs. 1.41, p = 0.01).Conclusions: Data on nicotine metabolite ratios can be used to study differences in how nicotine is metabolized by males and females and by smokers and non-smokers.

中文翻译：

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美国成年人血清和尿液中尼古丁代谢物的比例：吸烟状况，性别和种族/民族的差异。

目的：这项研究的目的是评估影响≥20岁美国成年人血清（NMRS，N = 10,234）和尿液（NMRU，N = 2286）中尼古丁代谢物比率的水平变化的因素。 ：使用NHANES数据拟合按性别和吸烟状况分层的NMRS和NMRU的log10转换值的回归模型。结果：吸烟者和非吸烟者中，女性的NMRS均高于男性。在吸烟者和非吸烟者中，女性的NMRU均低于男性。男性和女性吸烟者的NMRS和NMRU含量均较低。通过种族/民族观察到NMRS的顺序是非西班牙裔白人>西班牙裔美国人和其他>非西班牙裔黑人。通过种族/民族观察到NMRU的顺序是：非西班牙裔黑人>非西班牙裔白人> 西班牙裔美国人和其他人。非西班牙裔黑人和白人之间的大多数成对差异具有统计学意义（p≤0.02）。男性吸烟者在家中暴露于环境烟草烟雾（ETS）与较高的NMRU有关（2.13 vs.1.41，p = 0.01）。结论：尼古丁代谢率的数据可用于研究男性和尼古丁代谢方式的差异。女性以及吸烟者和非吸烟者。