Abstract The anticipated increase in demand for Li, Rb, and Cs raises growing concern due to the expected shortage in alkali metals available for extraction from ores. In this study, two kinds of additives (Na2SO4 and CaCl2) were used to selectively extract alkali metals from lithium porcelain stone. HSC modelling was used to simulate the process of roasting the ore in the presence of these additives, and to predict the temperature effect in addition to the ore/Na2SO4/CaCl2 mass ratio. Under the optimized conditions, the Li, Na, K, Rb, and Cs extraction efficiencies were 98.70, 49.80, 37.90, 97.27, and 98.40%, respectively. The optimal roasting conditions were found to be an ore/Na2SO4/CaCl2 mass ratio of 1/0.2/0.2 with heating at 850 °C for 60 min, while the optimal water leaching conditions were a liquid/solid ratio of 1/1 and a stirring speed of 300 rpm at room temperature for 60 min. Upon analysis of the calcined and leaching residues, the extraction mechanism was demonstrated to involve a highly chemoselective ion-exchange process between the alkali metals present in the ore, the Na+ in Na2SO4, and the Ca2+ in CaCl2. After this process, the concentrations of the alkali metals in lixivium were approximately 3.43 g/L Li, 25.50 g/L Na, 11.00 g/L K, 1.35 g/L Rb, and 0.56 g/L Cs, thereby indicating the feasibility of this process.

中文翻译：

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从锂瓷石中提取锂、铷和铯

摘要 由于可用于从矿石中提取的碱金属的预期短缺，对锂、铷和铯的需求预期增加引起越来越多的关注。本研究使用两种添加剂（Na2SO4 和 CaCl2）从锂瓷石中选择性提取碱金属。HSC 模型用于模拟在这些添加剂存在下焙烧矿石的过程，并预测除矿石/Na2SO4/CaCl2 质量比外的温度影响。在优化条件下，Li、Na、K、Rb和Cs的提取效率分别为98.70、49.80、37.90、97.27和98.40%。发现最佳焙烧条件是矿石/Na2SO4/CaCl2 质量比为 1/0.2/0.2，在 850 °C 下加热 60 分钟，最佳浸出条件为液固比为1/1，搅拌速度为300 rpm，室温搅拌60 min。通过对煅烧和浸出残留物的分析，证明提取机制涉及矿石中存在的碱金属、Na2SO4 中的 Na+ 和 CaCl2 中的 Ca2+ 之间的高度化学选择性离子交换过程。在此过程后，浸出液中碱金属的浓度约为 3.43 g/L Li、25.50 g/L Na、11.00 g/LK、1.35 g/L Rb 和 0.56 g/L Cs，从而表明该方法的可行性过程。和 CaCl2 中的 Ca2+。在此过程后，浸出液中碱金属的浓度约为 3.43 g/L Li、25.50 g/L Na、11.00 g/LK、1.35 g/L Rb 和 0.56 g/L Cs，从而表明该方法的可行性过程。和 CaCl2 中的 Ca2+。在此过程后，浸出液中碱金属的浓度约为 3.43 g/L Li、25.50 g/L Na、11.00 g/LK、1.35 g/L Rb 和 0.56 g/L Cs，从而表明该方法的可行性过程。