Inhaled nitric oxide is a powerful therapeutic used in neonatology. Its use is evidenced-based for term and near-term infants with persistent pulmonary hypertension; however, it is frequently used off-label both in term and preterm babies. This article reviews the off-label uses of iNO in infants. Rationale is discussed for a selective application of iNO based on physiologically guided principles, and new research avenues are considered.

中文翻译：

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新生儿吸入一氧化氮：平衡基于证据的内容和生理学上的合理内容。

吸入一氧化氮是一种用于新生儿的强大疗法。它对患有持续性肺动脉高压的足月和近期婴儿的使用是基于证据的；但是，它经常在足月儿和早产儿中超标使用。本文回顾了 iNO 在婴儿中的超适应症使用。讨论了基于生理指导原则选择性应用 iNO 的基本原理，并考虑了新的研究途径。