Biomass is a key element within the Europe's Bioeconomy Strategy. This paper aims at contributing to a better knowledge of the evolution and current state of biomass trade in Spain by adopting a raw material equivalent approach. Instead of measuring trade flows in actual physical quantities, this approach expresses international trade flows in terms of the raw material needed to produce the traded products. The results obtained show that while raw material input of biomass increased by 3560 thousand tonnes over the period 2008–2016, raw material consumption decreased by 15,086 thousand tonnes. This is explained by the different pace of growth registered by raw material equivalent of exports and of imports: while raw material equivalent of exports rose from 49,485 thousand tonnes in 2008 to 68,131 thousand tonnes in 2016 recording a double digit growth of 38%, the increase in raw material equivalent of imports was considerably lower: from 64,560 thousand tonnes to 66,106 thousand tonnes, an increase of 2%. By categories, biomass from agriculture was the main driver of overall trade of biomass. Two groupings deserve special mention: fodder crops, which accounted for one quarter of raw material equivalent of exports, and cereals, which represented almost one third of raw material equivalent of imports in 2016.

生物量是欧洲生物经济战略中的关键要素。本文旨在通过采用原材料当量方法，为更好地了解西班牙生物质贸易的发展和现状提供帮助。这种方法不是以实际的物理量来衡量贸易流量，而是以生产贸易产品所需的原材料来表示国际贸易流量。获得的结果表明，尽管生物量的原材料投入在2008-2016年期间增加了356万吨，但原材料消耗却减少了1508.6万吨。出口和进口原料当量所记录的增长速度不同解释了这一点：虽然出口原料当量从2008年的49,485千吨增加到了68吨，2016年为13.1万吨，录得38％的两位数增长，进口原材料当量的增幅大幅降低：从64,560千吨增加至66,106千吨，增长2％。按类别，来自农业的生物质是生物质整体贸易的主要驱动力。特别值得一提的是两个类别：饲料作物（占出口原料当量的四分之一）和谷物（2016年占进口原料当量的近三分之一）。