Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) is one of the oldest predominant industrial crops grown for seed, oil and fiber. The present study was executed to evaluate the morpho-physiological traits, biochemical responses, gas exchange parameters and phytoextraction potential of flax raised in differentially copper (Cu) spiked soil viz (0, 200, 400 and 600 mg Cu kg-1 soil) under greenhouse pot experiment. The results revealed that flax plants were able to grow up to 400 mg kg-1 Cu level without showing significant growth inhabitation while, further inference of Cu (600 mg kg-1) in the soil prominently inhibited flax growth and biomass accumulation. Compared to the control, contents of proline and malondialdehyde (MDA) were increased by 160.0% and 754.1% accordingly, at 600 mg Cu kg-1 soil level. The Cu-induced oxidative stress was minimized by the enhanced activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) by 189.2% and guaiacol peroxidase (POD) by 300.8% in the leaves of flax at 600 mg Cu kg-1 soil level, compared to the untreated control. The plant Cu concentration was determined at 35, 70, 105 and 140 days after sowing (DAS) and results depicted that 16.9 times higher Cu concentration was accumulated in flax roots while little (14.9 times) was transported to the shoots at early stage of growth, i.e. 35 DAS. While at 140 DAS, Cu was highly (21.7 times) transported to the shoots while, only 12.3 times Cu was accumulated in the roots at 600 mg Cu kg-1 soil level, compared to control. Meanwhile, Cu uptake by flax was boosted up to 253 mg kg-1 from the soil and thereby extracted 43%, 39% and 41% of Cu at 200, 400 and 600 mg Cu kg-1 soil level, compared to initial Cu concentration. Therefore, study concluded that flax has a great potential to accumulate high concentration of Cu in its shoots and can be utilized as phytoremediation material when grown in Cu contaminated soils.

中文翻译：

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评估在以铜不同地添加的土壤中生长的亚麻（Linum usitatissimum L.）的生长，氧化胁迫和铜的植物提取潜力。

亚麻（Linum usitatissimum L.）是最古老的主要工业作物之一，主要种植种子，油和纤维。本研究的目的是评价不同铜（Cu）钉土（0,200,400和600 mg Cu kg-1土）下亚麻的形态生理特性，生化反应，气体交换参数和亚麻的植物提取潜力。温室盆栽实验。结果表明，亚麻植物能够生长至400 mg kg-1 Cu水平，而没有显示出明显的生长栖息地，而进一步推断土壤中的Cu（600 mg kg-1）则显着抑制了亚麻的生长和生物量的积累。与对照相比，在600 mg Cu kg-1的土壤水平下，脯氨酸和丙二醛（MDA）的含量分别增加了160.0％和754.1％。与未经处理的对照相比，在600 mg Cu kg-1土壤水平下，亚麻叶片中的超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性增强了189.2％，愈创木酚过氧化物酶（POD）增强了300.8％，从而使Cu诱导的氧化应激最小化。 。在播种后35、70、105和140天（DAS）测定了植物的铜浓度，结果表明，亚麻根部积累的铜浓度高16.9倍，而在生长的早期几乎没有（14.9倍）被运至芽上。 ，即35 DAS。与对照相比，在DAS为140 DAS时，Cu的转运量高（21.7倍），而在600 mg Cu kg-1的土壤根中，Cu的累积量仅为12.3倍。同时，亚麻对铜的吸收增加到土壤中的253 mg kg-1，从而在200、400和600 mg Cu kg-1的土壤水平下提取了43％，39％和41％的Cu，与初始铜浓度相比。因此，研究得出的结论是，亚麻具有高潜力，可在其枝条中积累高浓度的Cu，并且在被Cu污染的土壤中生长时可用作植物修复材料。