Porous metallic sponge has shown enormous application potential in many fields including electrochemical electrode, catalysis, sensors, separation and purification, microwave and sound inhibition, etc. In this paper, we described the preparation of a class of highly compressible Ni−Co alloy‐based sponges with tailorable conductivity and soft magnetic properties as well as EMI shielding ability by employing elastic porous melamine sponge as the support. The melamine sponge was first modified by one‐step dopamine‐triggered radical polymerization reaction, in which polymer brushes with quaternary ammonium cations were grafted onto the sponge fibers for the capture of negative catalyst moieties. The immobilized catalyst moieties could subsequently induce in‐situ chemical deposition of a uniform and well‐adhesive Ni−Co alloy layer with controllable compositions and thickness on the fiber surface owing to the interpenetrating network between hydrophilic polymer brushes and the in‐situ deposited metal layer. The obtained alloy sponges show good compression‐resilience property, excellent conductivity and favorable soft magnetic performance as well as good compressive fatigue resistance during repeated compression‐release cycles, and thus can find promising applications in many fields, including pressure resistance sensors, magnetic controlled pollutant absorbents, tunable EMI shielding materials, etc.

中文翻译：

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具有可调节的电磁特性的可压缩金属化软磁海绵

多孔金属海绵在电化学电极，催化，传感器，分离和纯化，微波和声抑制等许多领域都显示出巨大的应用潜力。在本文中，我们描述了制备一类高度可压缩的Ni-Co合金基材料的方法。通过使用弹性多孔三聚氰胺海绵作为载体，具有可调节的导电性和软磁性能以及EMI屏蔽能力的海绵。首先通过一步多巴胺引发的自由基聚合反应对三聚氰胺海绵进行改性，其中将具有季铵阳离子的聚合物刷接枝到海绵纤维上，以捕获负催化剂部分。由于亲水性聚合物电刷和原位沉积的金属层之间的互穿网络，固定化的催化剂部分随后可能在纤维表面上诱导均匀且粘合性良好的均匀Ni-Co合金层的原位化学沉积，其成分和厚度可控。所获得的合金海绵在反复的压缩释放循环中显示出良好的压缩回弹性能，优异的导电性和良好的软磁性能以及良好的抗压缩疲劳性，因此可以在许多领域找到有希望的应用，包括耐压传感器，磁控污染物吸收剂，可调节的EMI屏蔽材料等