Wireless wearable and implantable devices are continuing to grow in popularity, and as this growth occurs, so too does the need to consider the safety of such devices. Wearable and implantable devices require the transmitting and receiving of electromagnetic waves near and through the body, which at high enough exposure levels may damage proximate tissues. The specific absorption rate (SAR) is the quantity commonly used to enumerate exposure levels, and various national and international organizations have defined regulations limiting exposure to ensure safe operation. In this paper, we comprehensively review dosimetric studies reported in the literature up to the year 2019 for wearables and implants. We discuss antenna designs for wearables and implants as they relate to SAR values and field and thermal distributions in tissue, present designs that have made steps to reduce SAR, and then review SAR considerations as they relate to applied devices. As compared with previous review papers, this paper is the first review to focus on dosimetry aspects relative to wearable and implantable devices. Bioelectromagnetics. 2020;41:3-20 © 2019 The Authors. Bioelectromagnetics published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

中文翻译：

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无线可穿戴设备和植入物：剂量学评论。

无线可穿戴和可植入设备越来越受欢迎，随着这种增长的发生，考虑此类设备安全性的需求也越来越多。可穿戴和可植入设备需要在身体附近和通过身体发射和接收电磁波，在足够高的暴露水平下可能会损坏邻近组织。比吸收率 (SAR) 是常用来枚举暴露水平的量，并且各个国家和国际组织已经定义了限制暴露的法规以确保安全操作。在本文中，我们全面回顾了截至 2019 年文献中报道的可穿戴设备和植入物的剂量学研究。我们讨论了可穿戴设备和植入物的天线设计，因为它们与 SAR 值以及组织中的场和热分布有关，介绍已采取措施降低 SAR 的设计，然后回顾与应用设备相关的 SAR 考虑因素。与以前的评论论文相比，本文是第一篇关注与可穿戴和可植入设备相关的剂量学方面的评论。生物电磁学。2020;41:3-20 © 2019 作者。Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 出版的生物电磁学