Background

Pollution of foodborne microbial biofilms is a serious problem in the food industry. Microorganisms in the biofilms become insensitive to environmental stresses and increase tolerance to antimicrobial agents, therefore, making them extremely hard to be inactivated by conventional methods. Ultrasound-involved emerging strategies offer options for effectively controlling the biofilms formed on either food contact surfaces or real foods.

Scope and approach

This review emphasizes the significances of either ultrasonication alone or combined with other strategies for controlling foodborne microbial biofilms.

Key findings and conclusions

Ultrasound as an emerging technology would effectively destroy biofilm structure and partially inactivate microorganisms in the biofilms; however, stimulated the growth of microbes may happen after treatment of low-frequency and low-intensity ultrasound. Combined ultrasound (especially low-frequency and high-intensity ultrasound) and chemical disinfectants shows a synergistic effect with a relatively high proportion of inactivated microbes in the biofilms compared with that adopted one strategy alone. Ozone and electrolyzed water are also developed for inactivating microbes and removing the biofilms after combining with the ultrasound. Combined treatment of ultrasonication and chelating agents or enzymes is proved to effectively remove the biofilms instead of achieving a strong bactericidal effect. Mechanical oscillation, localized high temperature and pressure, as well as free radicals generated by cavitation during the ultrasonication, can partially destroy the basic structure of biofilms, and furthermore, increase the penetration and diffusion of chemicals into the deeper layer of biofilms for achieving a synergistic effect on the biofilm control.

中文翻译：

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涉及超声的控制食源性微生物生物膜的新兴策略

背景

食源性微生物生物膜的污染是食品工业中的一个严重问题。生物膜中的微生物变得对环境压力不敏感，并增加了对抗菌剂的耐受性，因此，使它们极难通过常规方法进行灭活。涉及超声波的新兴策略为有效控制在食物接触表面或真实食物上形成的生物膜提供了选择。

范围和方法

这篇综述强调了单独超声处理或与其他策略相结合来控制食源性微生物生物膜的重要性。

主要发现和结论

超声波作为一种新兴技术将有效破坏生物膜的结构并使生物膜中的微生物部分失活。但是，低频低强度超声治疗后可能会刺激微生物生长。与仅采用一种策略相比，超声（尤其是低频和高强度超声）与化学消毒剂的组合显示出协同作用，其中生物膜中灭活的微生物比例相对较高。还开发了臭氧和电解水，用于与超声波结合后灭活微生物并去除生物膜。超声波和螯合剂或酶的联合处理被证明可以有效地去除生物膜，而不是达到强大的杀菌效果。机械振荡