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Homozygous STXBP1 variant causes encephalopathy and gain-of-function in synaptic transmission.
Brain ( IF 14.5 ) Pub Date : 2019-12-19 , DOI: 10.1093/brain/awz391
Hanna C A Lammertse 1, 2 , Annemiek A van Berkel 1, 2 , Michele Iacomino 3 , Ruud F Toonen 2 , Pasquale Striano 4, 5 , Antonio Gambardella 6 , Matthijs Verhage 1, 2 , Federico Zara 3
Affiliation  

Heterozygous mutations in the STXBP1 gene encoding the presynaptic protein MUNC18-1 cause STXBP1 encephalopathy, characterized by developmental delay, intellectual disability and epilepsy. Impaired mutant protein stability leading to reduced synaptic transmission is considered the main underlying pathogenetic mechanism. Here, we report the first two cases carrying a homozygous STXBP1 mutation, where their heterozygous siblings and mother are asymptomatic. Both cases were diagnosed with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome. In Munc18-1 null mouse neurons, protein stability of the disease variant (L446F) is less dramatically affected than previously observed for heterozygous disease mutants. Neurons expressing Munc18L446F showed minor changes in morphology and synapse density. However, patch clamp recordings demonstrated that L446F causes a 2-fold increase in evoked synaptic transmission. Conversely, paired pulse plasticity was reduced and recovery after stimulus trains also. Spontaneous release frequency and amplitude, the readily releasable vesicle pool and the kinetics of short-term plasticity were all normal. Hence, the homozygous L446F mutation causes a gain-of-function phenotype regarding release probability and synaptic transmission while having less impact on protein levels than previously reported (heterozygous) mutations. These data show that STXBP1 mutations produce divergent cellular effects, resulting in different clinical features, while sharing the overarching encephalopathic phenotype (developmental delay, intellectual disability and epilepsy).

中文翻译:

纯合子STXBP1变异导致脑病和突触传递中的功能获得。

编码突触前蛋白MUNC18-1的STXBP1基因中的杂合突变导致STXBP1脑病,其特征在于发育延迟,智力障碍和癫痫病。导致突触传递减少的突变蛋白稳定性受损被认为是主要的潜在致病机制。在这里,我们报告前两个病例携带纯合子STXBP1突变,其中他们的杂合兄弟姐妹和母亲无症状。这两例病例均被诊断出患有Lennox-Gastaut综合征。在Munc18-1无效的小鼠神经元中,疾病变体(L446F)的蛋白质稳定性受杂合性疾病突变体影响的程度较先前显着降低。表达Munc18L446F的神经元在形态和突触密度上显示较小的变化。然而,膜片钳记录表明,L446F引起诱发的突触传递增加了2倍。相反,配对脉冲可塑性降低,刺激训练后恢复。自发释放的频率和幅度,易于释放的囊泡池和短期可塑性的动力学都正常。因此,纯合的L446F突变会导致关于释放概率和突触传递的功能表型,同时对蛋白质水平的影响要比以前报道的(杂合)突变少。这些数据表明,STXBP1突变产生不同的细胞作用,导致不同的临床特征,同时具有总体性脑病表型(发育迟缓,智力障碍和癫痫病)。配对脉冲可塑性降低,刺激训练后恢复。自发释放的频率和幅度,易于释放的囊泡池和短期可塑性的动力学都正常。因此,纯合的L446F突变会导致关于释放概率和突触传递的功能表型,同时对蛋白质水平的影响要比以前报道的(杂合)突变少。这些数据表明,STXBP1突变产生不同的细胞作用,导致不同的临床特征,同时具有总体性脑病表型(发育迟缓,智力障碍和癫痫病)。配对脉冲可塑性降低,刺激训练后恢复。自发释放的频率和幅度,易于释放的囊泡池和短期可塑性的动力学都正常。因此,纯合的L446F突变会导致关于释放概率和突触传递的功能表型,同时对蛋白质水平的影响要比以前报道的(杂合)突变少。这些数据表明,STXBP1突变产生不同的细胞作用,导致不同的临床特征,同时具有总体性脑病表型(发育迟缓,智力障碍和癫痫病)。因此,纯合的L446F突变会导致关于释放概率和突触传递的功能表型,同时对蛋白质水平的影响要比以前报道的(杂合)突变少。这些数据表明,STXBP1突变产生不同的细胞作用,导致不同的临床特征,同时具有总体性脑病表型(发育迟缓,智力障碍和癫痫病)。因此,纯合的L446F突变会导致关于释放概率和突触传递的功能表型,同时对蛋白质水平的影响要比以前报道的(杂合)突变少。这些数据表明,STXBP1突变产生不同的细胞作用,导致不同的临床特征,同时具有总体性脑病表型(发育迟缓,智力障碍和癫痫病)。
更新日期:2020-02-10
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