BACKGROUND Tempeh is a widely known fermented soybean that contains elevated level of bioactive contents. Our previous study has shown that anaerobic fermented Nutrient Enriched Soybean Tempeh (NESTE) with increase amino acid and antioxidant levels possessed better hepatoprotective effect than raw soybean. METHODS In this study, the anti-inflammatory effect of the NESTE aqueous extract and raw soybean aqueous extract (SBE) were evaluated by quantifying the inhibition of IL-1β, TNF-α and nitric oxide (NO) secretion in LPS treated RAW 264.7 cell in vitro. On the other hand, in vivo oral acute toxicity effect of the extract was tested on mice at the dose of 5000 mg/kg body weight. In vivo oral analgesic effect of both aqueous extracts at 200 and 1000 mg/kg body weight was evaluated by the hot plate test. RESULTS In the in vitro anti-inflammatory study, 5 mg/mL NESTE was able to inhibit 25.50 ± 2.20%, 35.88 ± 3.20% and 28.50 ± 3.50% of NO, IL-1β and TNF-α production in LPS treated RAW 264.7 cells without inducing cytotoxic effect on the cells. However, this effect was lower than 4 μg/mL of curcumin, which inhibited NO, IL-1β and TNF-α production by 89.50 ± 5.00%, 78.80 ± 6.20% and 87.30 ± 4.00%, respectively. In addition, 1.5 to 2.5-fold increase of latency period up to 120 min for mice in the hot plate test was achieved by 1000 mg/kg NESTE. The analgesic effect of NESTE was better than 400 mg/kg of acetyl salicylic acid, which only increased ~ 1.7-fold of latency period up to 90 min. Moreover, NESTE did not show acute toxicity (no LD50) up to 5000 mg/kg body weight. CONCLUSION NESTE is a nutritious food ingredient with potential anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects.

中文翻译：

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发酵大豆的抗炎，镇痛和急性毒性作用。

背景技术Tempeh是广为人知的发酵大豆，其含有升高水平的生物活性成分。我们以前的研究表明，氨基酸和抗氧化剂含量提高的厌氧发酵富营养大豆豆蔻（NESTE）具有比生大豆更好的保肝作用。方法在本研究中，通过定量对LPS处理的RAW 264.7细胞中IL-1β，TNF-α和一氧化氮（NO）分泌的抑制作用，评估NESTE水提取物和生大豆水提取物（SBE）的抗炎作用。体外。另一方面，以5000mg / kg体重的剂量对小鼠测试了提取物的体内口服急性毒性作用。通过热板试验评估两种水提取物在200和1000 mg / kg体重下的体内口服镇痛作用。结果在体外抗炎研究中，5 mg / mL NESTE能够抑制LPS处理的RAW 264.7细胞中NO，IL-1β和TNF-α产生的25.50±2.20％，35.88±3.20％和28.50±3.50％。不会对细胞产生细胞毒性作用。但是，该作用低于姜黄素的4μg/ mL，后者分别抑制NO，IL-1β和TNF-α的产生，分别为89.50±5.00％，78.80±6.20％和87.30±4.00％。此外，通过1000 mg / kg NESTE，在热板测试中，长达120分钟的小鼠的潜伏期增加了1.5到2.5倍。NESTE的镇痛效果优于400 mg / kg的乙酰水杨酸，直到90分钟，潜伏期仅增加了约1.7倍。而且，NESTE最高至5000 mg / kg体重都没有显示出急性毒性（无LD50）。