The proportion of the United States (US) population who are immigrants (i.e., foreign-born) has been rising. Compared to the US-born, immigrants have different health risks, and prior studies could not fully explain these differences by diet and socioeconomic status. Surrounding greenness, an environmental exposure linked to better health, potentially contributes to differences in health risks between immigrants and the US-born. Using satellite imagery, we assessed exposure to surrounding greenness, as estimated by the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and enhanced vegetation index (EVI), in US Census tracts in 2000 and 2010. We then investigated the association between the percentage of the population that were immigrants and greenness using spatial error regression. Adjusted for median household income, urbanicity, educational attainment, unemployment, elderly and youth population proportion, and ecozone, Census tracts with ~10% higher overall immigrant percentage points were, on average, ~0.06 NDVI/EVI interquartile range lower, indicating lower greenness. The pattern of negative associations was most consistent when the immigrant country of origin was in Latin America. Conversely, when the immigrant country of origin was in Europe, we found mostly positive associations. Our findings suggest an environmental exposure disparity by immigrant status, motivating future work on environmental contributions to health disparities between immigrants and the US-born.

美国人口中移民的比例（即，外国出生）一直在上升。与美国出生的移民相比，移民具有不同的健康风险，以前的研究无法通过饮食和社会经济状况充分解释这些差异。周围的绿色环境是与改善健康状况相关的环境暴露，有可能导致移民与美国出生的人之间健康风险的差异。利用卫星图像，我们通过2000年和2010年美国普查区域的归一化植被指数（NDVI）和增强植被指数（EVI）估算了周围绿色的暴露程度。然后，我们调查了人口百分比之间的关系使用空间误差回归法则是移民和绿色。根据家庭收入中位数，城市化程度，教育程度，失业率，老年人口和青年人口比例以及生态区进行了调整，总体移民人口百分比高约10％的人口普查区域，NDVI / EVI四分位数间距平均降低约0.06，表明绿色度较低。当移民的原籍国位于拉丁美洲时，消极结社的模式最为一致。相反，当移民的原籍国是欧洲时，我们发现主要是积极的联系。我们的研究结果表明，由于移民身份而造成的环境暴露差异，促使人们在未来环境工作中为移民与美国出生的人之间的健康差异做出贡献。当移民的原籍国是欧洲时，我们发现主要是积极的联系。我们的研究结果表明，按移民身份划分的环境暴露差距很大，从而推动了未来环境工作对移民与美国出生者之间的健康差距造成的影响。当移民的原籍国是欧洲时，我们发现主要是积极的联系。我们的研究结果表明，由于移民身份而造成的环境暴露差异，促使人们在未来环境工作中为移民与美国出生的人之间的健康差异做出贡献。