Three nanostructured photosensitizers with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristics based on 2,3-bis(4′-(diphenylamino)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl) fumaronitrile (BDBF) were prepared for image-guided photodynamic therapy (PDT). BDBF was encapsulated with Pluronic F-127 (F127) to form usual spherical nanoparticles (F127@BDBF NPs) with a red fluorescence emission and 9.8% fluorescence quantum yield (FQY). Moreover, BDBF self-assembled into nanorods (BDBF NRs) in water. Compared with F127@BDBF NPs, BDBF NRs exhibited stronger orange fluorescence with a higher FQY of 23.3% and similar singlet oxygen (¹O₂) generation capability. BDBF NRs were further modified with F127 to form BDBF@F127 NRs with the same ¹O₂ generation ability as BDBF NRs. The three nanostructures exhibited a higher ¹O₂ production capacity than BDBF molecule in dissolved state and favorable stability in an aqueous solution as well as under physiological condition. In vitro photocytotoxicity experiments indicated that the three nanostructures inhibited tumor cell proliferation effectively. Therefore, to construct eligible nanostructures with a high FQY and ¹O₂ generation ability, simple self-assembly can serve as a valuable method to prepare photosensitizers with enhanced PDT.

制备了基于2,3-双（4'-（二苯基氨基）-[1,1'-联苯] -4-基）富马腈（BDBF）的三种具有聚集诱导发射（AIE）特性的纳米结构光敏剂，用于图像引导光动力疗法（PDT）。用Pluronic F-127（F127）封装BDBF，以形成具有红色荧光发射和9.8％荧光量子产率（FQY）的常规球形纳米颗粒（F127 @ BDBF NPs）。此外，BDBF可在水中自组装成纳米棒（BDBF NRs）。与F127 @ BDBF NPs相比，BDBF NRs显示出更强的橙色荧光，FQY为23.3％，并且具有类似的单线态氧（¹ O ₂）生成能力。用F127进一步修饰BDBF NRs以形成具有相同¹ O _2的BDBF @ F127 NRs产生能力为BDBF NR。这三个纳米结构在溶解状态下比BDBF分子具有更高的¹ O ₂生产能力，并且在水溶液中以及在生理条件下均具有良好的稳定性。体外光细胞毒性实验表明，这三个纳米结构有效地抑制了肿瘤细胞的增殖。因此，要构建具有高FQY和¹ O ₂生成能力的合格纳米结构，简单的自组装可作为制备具有增强的PDT的光敏剂的有价值的方法。