The subthalamic nucleus (STN), a preferred target for treating movement disorders, has a crucial role in inhibition and execution of movement. To better understand the mechanism of movement regulation in the STN of Parkinson's disease patients, we compared the same movement with different context, facilitation vs. inhibition context. We recorded subthalamic multiunit activity intra-operatively while parkinsonian patients (off medications, n = 43 patients, 173 recording sites) performed increasingly complex oddball paradigms with frequent and deviant tones: first, passive listening to tone series with no movement ('None-Go' task, n = 7, 28 recording sites); second, pressing a button after every tone ('All-Go' task, n = 7, 26 recording sites); and third, pressing a button only for frequent tones, thus adding inhibition of movement following deviant tones ('Go-NoGo' task, n = 29, 119 recording sites). The STN responded mainly to movement-involving tasks. In the limbic-associative STN, evoked response to the deviant tone (inhibitory cue) was not significantly different between the Go-NoGo and the All-Go task. However, the evoked response to the frequent tone (go cue) in the Go-NoGo task was significantly reduced. The reduction was mainly prominent in the negative component of the evoked response amplitude aligned to the press. Successful movement inhibition was correlated with higher baseline activity. We suggest that the STN in Parkinson's disease patients adapts to movement inhibition context by selectively decreasing the amplitude of neuronal activity. Thus, the STN enables movement inhibition not by increasing responses to the inhibitory cue but by reducing responses to the release cue. The negative component of the evoked response probably facilitates movement and a higher baseline activity enables successful inhibition of movement. These discharge modulations were found in the ventromedial, non-motor domain of the STN and therefore suggest a significant role of the limbic- associative STN domains in movement planning and in global movement regulation.

中文翻译：

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运动环境调节人帕金森氏丘脑下丘脑核运动和边缘相关域的神经元活动。

丘脑下核（STN）是治疗运动障碍的首选靶标，在抑制和执行运动中起着至关重要的作用。为了更好地了解帕金森氏病患者STN中的运动调节机制，我们将相同运动与不同环境，促进与抑制环境进行了比较。我们在术中记录了丘脑底多单位活动，而帕金森氏病患者（非药物治疗，n = 43位患者，有173个记录位点）表现出越来越复杂的奇异球范式，且具有频繁和异常的音调：首先，被动听无动作的音调系列（'None-Go '任务，n = 7、28个记录站点）；第二，在每次发出声音后按一个按钮（“全能”任务，n = 7、26个录音位）；第三，只按一个​​按钮以发出频繁的声音，从而增加了对异常音调后移动的抑制（“ Go-NoGo”任务，n = 29，119个记录位点）。STN主要对涉及运动的任务做出响应。在边缘性STN中，Go-NoGo和All-Go任务对异常音调（抑制性提示）的诱发反应没有显着差异。但是，对Go-NoGo任务中频繁发出的声音（发出提示）的反应明显降低了。减少主要体现在与印刷机对齐的诱发响应幅度的负分量中。成功的运动抑制与较高的基线活动相关。我们建议帕金森氏病患者的STN通过选择性降低神经元活动的幅度来适应运动抑制的情况。因此，STN不是通过增加对抑制提示的响应而是通过减少对释放提示的响应来实现运动抑制。诱发反应的阴性成分可能促进运动，而较高的基线活性则可以成功地抑制运动。在STN的腹侧非运动区域发现了这些放电调节，因此表明边缘缔合性STN区域在运动计划和整体运动调节中起着重要作用。