BACKGROUND Peripheral giant cell granuloma (PGCG) is an uncommon pathology that affects gingival or alveolar mucosa. Although PGCG can be associated with dental implants, little is known about this lesion and implant osseointegration as well as its etiopathogenesis and the treatments available. This study sought to report a rare case of PGCG associated with dental implant, emphasizing its clinical and histopathological aspects. CASE PRESENTATION A 53-year-old man had an exophytic, reddish lesion, around a crown attached to a dental implant located in the left mandible. Radiographically, there was bone loss around the implant. After excisional biopsy, histological examination revealed a submucosal proliferation of multinucleated giant cells rendering the diagnosis of peripheral giant cell granuloma. Patient has been under follow-up for 6 months with no recurrence. CONCLUSIONS Peri-implant lesions must be completely removed to prevent recurrence of PGCG and implant failure, even in cases suspected to be reactive. Besides, histological examination must be performed on all peri-implant reactions to achieve the appropriate diagnosis and, consequently, the best treatment and follow up.

中文翻译：

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与牙种植体相关的周围巨细胞肉芽肿。

背景技术外周巨细胞肉芽肿（PGCG）是一种影响牙龈或肺泡粘膜的罕见病理。尽管PGCG可以与牙科植入物相关联，但对该病灶和植入物的骨整合以及其病因病机和可用的治疗方法知之甚少。这项研究试图报告与牙种植体相关的PGCG罕见病例，强调其临床和组织病理学方面。病例介绍一名53岁的男子在附着在左下颌骨上的牙种植体的牙冠周围，有一个外生的，微红色的病灶。影像学上，植入物周围骨丢失。切除活检后，组织学检查显示多核巨细胞在粘膜下增殖，从而诊断出外周巨细胞肉芽肿。患者已接受随访6个月，无复发。结论即使在怀疑有反应性的情况下，也必须彻底清除种植体周围的病变，以防止PGCG复发和种植体衰竭。此外，必须对所有植入物周围的反应进行组织学检查，以实现适当的诊断，从而获得最佳的治疗和随访。