Radiation resistance is a serious issue in radiotherapy. Increasing evidence indicates that the human gut microbiome plays a role in the development of radiation resistance. Vitamin D is an important supplement for cancer patients treated with radiotherapy. Against this background, this paper reviewed research regarding the associations among vitamin D, microbiota dysbiosis, and radiation resistance. A hypothesis is developed to describe the relationships among vitamin D, the gut microbiota, and radiotherapy outcomes. Radiotherapy changes the composition of the gut microbiota, which in turn influence the serum level of vitamin D, and its distribution and metabolism in the body. Alteration of vitamin D level influences the patient response to radiotherapy, where the underlying mechanisms may be associated with the intestinal microenvironment, immune molecules in the intestines, gut microbiome metabolites, and signaling pathways associated with vitamin D receptors. Our understanding of the contribution of vitamin D and the gut microbiota to radiotherapy outcomes has been increasing gradually. A better understanding of the relationships among vitamin D, the gut microbiota, and radiotherapy outcomes will shed more light on radiation resistance, and also promote the development of new strategies for overcoming it, thus addressing an important challenge associated with the currently available radiotherapy modalities for cancer patients.

中文翻译：

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维生素D，肠道菌群和与辐射相关的抵抗力：一个讨厌的三角形。

抗辐射性是放疗中的一个严重问题。越来越多的证据表明，人类肠道微生物组在抗辐射性的发展中发挥着作用。维生素D是对接受放射疗法治疗的癌症患者的重要补充。在此背景下，本文回顾了有关维生素D，微生物群失调与辐射抗性之间关系的研究。建立了一个假设来描述维生素D，肠道菌群和放射治疗结果之间的关系。放射疗法会改变肠道菌群的组成，进而影响血清中维生素D的含量及其在人体中的分布和代谢。维生素D水平的变化会影响患者对放疗的反应，其潜在机制可能与肠道微环境有关，肠道中的免疫分子，肠道微生物组代谢产物以及与维生素D受体相关的信号通路。我们对维生素D和肠道菌群对放射治疗结果的贡献的了解逐渐增加。更好地了解维生素D，肠道菌群和放疗结果之间的关系，将使人们更加了解放射线的抗药性，并推动开发克服这一点的新策略，从而解决与目前可用的放射疗法有关的一项重要挑战。癌症患者。