Bone is a natural composite and its cutting is a common procedure in orthopedic surgery. The processing damage, cutting force, and cutting heat strongly influence postoperative recovery. In this study, a orthogonal elliptical vibration-assisted (EVA) bone cutting system is developed based on semi-brittle behaviors of bone to experimentally investigate fracture, cutting force, roughness and temperature rise. To prevent large-scale fractures during bone cutting, an extended finite element method model incorporating detailed microstructure and material properties of bone is created to understand the crack-propagation mechanism. Both the simulation and the experiments demonstrate that the elliptical vibration could effectively control the direction of crack propagation. The experimental results also demonstrate that the cutting force and surface roughness decreases with an increase in the vibration frequency or amplitude, whereas temperature rise increases with the vibration frequency. These findings prove that the EVA could allow for low-trauma bone cutting in orthopedic surgery.

骨是一种天然复合材料，其切割是整形外科手术中的常见程序。加工损伤，切削力和切削热强烈影响术后恢复。在这项研究中，基于骨骼的半脆性行为开发了正交椭圆振动辅助（EVA）骨切割系统，以通过实验研究断裂，切割力，粗糙度和温度升高。为了防止骨骼切割过程中发生大范围的骨折，创建了一个扩展的有限元方法模型，该模型结合了详细的骨骼微结构和材料特性，以了解裂纹扩展的机理。仿真和实验均表明，椭圆振动可以有效地控制裂纹扩展的方向。实验结果还表明，切削力和表面粗糙度随振动频率或振幅的增加而减小，而温度升高随振动频率的增加而增加。这些发现证明，EVA可以在整形外科手术中进行低创伤骨切割。