Abstract To overcome the shortcomings of biomass, such as poor fuel characteristics and high alkali metal content, two typical herbs (rice straw and sesame stalk) were processed by pretreatments combining water washing and carbonisation (T-W: water washing after torrefaction; W-T: torrefaction after water washing; and HTC: hydrothermal carbonisation), and the effects on PM10 (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of 10 μm or less) emissions were determined. For both biomasses, PM1 was mainly composed of K, Cl, and S, and all three pretreatments perform well in its reduction (HTC > W-T > T-W). The emission reduction effect on PM1 was determined by the removal extent of the above elements by various pretreatments. Regarding PM1–10, for rice straw, its emission only increased after HTC, and the other two pretreatments did not change substantially. As for sesame stalk, its emissions increased significantly after the three pretreatments. The change in the mineral content of the sample and the degree of fragmentation during combustion together determined the effect of pretreatment on PM1–10 emission. Based on equal energy input, the three pretreatments performed better on PM10 reductions for both typical herbs.

中文翻译：

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水洗与炭化相结合对典型药材燃烧PM10排放的影响

摘要 为克服生物质燃料特性差、碱金属含量高等缺点，对两种典型草本植物（稻草和芝麻秆）采用水洗和炭化相结合的预处理方法（TW：烘焙后水洗；WT：烘焙后烘焙）。水洗；和 HTC：水热碳化），并确定了对 PM10（空气动力学直径为 10 微米或更小的颗粒物质）排放的影响。对于这两种生物质，PM1 主要由 K、Cl 和 S 组成，并且所有三种预处理都在其减少方面表现良好（HTC > WT > TW）。对PM1的减排效果由各种预处理对上述元素的去除程度决定。关于 PM1-10，稻草的排放量仅在 HTC 之后增加，而另外两个预处理没有实质性的变化。对于芝麻秸秆，经过三个预处理后其排放量显着增加。样品中矿物质含量的变化和燃烧过程中的碎裂程度共同决定了预处理对 PM1-10 排放的影响。基于相同的能量输入，三种预处理在降低两种典型草药的 PM10 方面表现更好。