Abstract

With the launch of aerospace business, the national space agency has been working actively to improve the living environment of astronauts in outer space. Since 1980s, space food has been greatly enriched, except the differences in form, most of the foods on earth can be enjoyed in space. In this article, the space foods are classified, in general divided into five parts that include natural form food, intermediate moisture food, thermostabilized food, rehydrating food and irradiated food. New type of space food processing technology is also reviewed, including freeze-drying, irradiation sterilization, high pressure processing, microwave assisted thermal sterilization, food 3 D printing and the packaging of space food products, mainly including the packaging materials already used by the present space food system, and the feasibility analysis of some emerging high barrier packaging materials in the research stage. Finally, the review highlights the prospects of future space food system, including the development of in-orbit food preparation technology and the research of life support system.

抽象的

随着航空航天业务的开展，国家航天局一直在积极致力于改善外太空宇航员的生活环境。自1980年代以来，太空食物得到了极大的丰富，除了形式上的差异外，地球上的大多数食物都可以在太空中享用。在本文中，对太空食品进行了分类，通常分为五个部分，包括天然形式食品，中间水分食品，热稳定食品，补水食品和辐照食品。还审查了新型太空食品加工技术，包括冷冻干燥，辐射灭菌，高压处理，微波辅助热灭菌，食品3D打印和太空食品产品的包装，主要包括目前已经使用的包装材料太空食物系统 研究阶段一些新兴的高阻隔包装材料的可行性分析。最后，审查强调了未来空间粮食系统的前景，包括在轨食物制备技术的发展和生命支持系统的研究。