Metabolomics is the latest 'omics' technology and systems biology science that allows for comprehensive profiling of small-molecule metabolites in biological systems at a specific time and condition. Metabolites are cellular intermediate products of metabolic reactions, which reflect the ultimate response to genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, or environmental changes in a biological system. Aging is a complex biological process that is characterized by a gradual and progressive decline in molecular, cellular, tissue, organ, and organismal functions, and it is influenced by a combination of genetic, environmental, diet, and lifestyle factors. The precise biological mechanisms of aging remain unknown. Metabolomics has emerged as a powerful tool to characterize the organism phenotypes, identify altered metabolites, pathways, novel biomarkers in aging and disease, and offers wide clinical applications. Here, I will provide a comprehensive overview of our current knowledge on metabolomics led studies in aging with particular emphasis on studies leading to biomarker discovery. Based on the data obtained from model organisms and humans, it is evident that metabolites associated with amino acids, lipids, carbohydrate, and redox metabolism may serve as biomarkers of aging and/or longevity. Current challenges and key questions that should be addressed in the future to advance our understanding of the biological mechanisms of aging are discussed.

中文翻译：

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使用代谢组学对衰老中的代谢变化的新兴见解。

代谢组学是最新的“组学”技术和系统生物学科学，可以在特定的时间和条件下对生物系统中的小分子代谢物进行全面分析。代谢物是代谢反应的细胞中间产物，反映了对生物系统中基因组，转录组，蛋白质组或环境变化的最终反应。衰老是一个复杂的生物过程，其特征是分子，细胞，组织，器官和机体功能逐渐下降，并受遗传，环境，饮食和生活方式等因素的影响。衰老的确切生物学机制仍然未知。代谢组学已成为表征生物表型，鉴定代谢产物，途径，在衰老和疾病中的新型生物标志物，并提供广泛的临床应用。在这里，我将全面介绍我们目前在衰老过程中有关代谢组学研究的知识，特别着重于导致生物标记物发现的研究。根据从模型生物和人类获得的数据，很明显，与氨基酸，脂质，碳水化合物和氧化还原代谢相关的代谢物可以充当衰老和/或寿命的生物标志物。讨论了当前的挑战和将来应解决的关键问题，以加深我们对衰老的生物学机制的了解。我将全面介绍我们目前在衰老过程中由代谢组学主导的研究的知识，特别着重于导致生物标记物发现的研究。根据从模型生物和人类获得的数据，很明显，与氨基酸，脂质，碳水化合物和氧化还原代谢相关的代谢物可以充当衰老和/或寿命的生物标志物。讨论了当前的挑战和将来应解决的关键问题，以加深我们对衰老的生物学机制的了解。我将全面介绍我们目前在衰老过程中由代谢组学主导的研究的知识，特别着重于导致生物标记物发现的研究。根据从模型生物和人类获得的数据，很明显，与氨基酸，脂质，碳水化合物和氧化还原代谢相关的代谢物可以充当衰老和/或寿命的生物标志物。讨论了当前的挑战和将来应解决的关键问题，以加深我们对衰老的生物学机制的了解。