Association between residential greenness and metabolic syndrome in Chinese adults.,Environment International

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Association between residential greenness and metabolic syndrome in Chinese adults.
Environment International ( IF 11.8 ) Pub Date : 2019-12-11 , DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105388
Bo-Yi Yang ₁ , Kang-Kang Liu ₁ , Iana Markevych ₂ , Luke D Knibbs ₃ , Michael S Bloom ₄ , Shaymali C Dharmage ₅ , Shao Lin ₄ , Lidia Morawska ₆ , Joachim Heinrich ₇ , Bin Jalaludin ₈ , Meng Gao ₉ , Yuming Guo ₁₀ , Yang Zhou ₁ , Wen-Zhong Huang ₁ , Hong-Yao Yu ₁ , Xiao-Wen Zeng ₁ , Li-Wen Hu ₁ , Qiang Hu ₁₁ , Guang-Hui Dong ₁

Affiliation

Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Ziemssenstraße 1, 80336 Munich, Germany; Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland 4006, Australia.
Departments of Environmental Health Sciences and Epidemiology and Biostatics, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA.
Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population & Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia; Murdoch Children Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia.
International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, Queensland 4001, Australia.
Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Ziemssenstraße 1, 80336 Munich, Germany; Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich, German Center for Lung Research, Ziemssenstraße 1, 80336 Munich, Germany.
Centre for Air Quality and Health Research and Evaluation, Glebe, NSW 2037, Australia; Population Health, South Western Sydney Local Health District, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia; Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia; School of Public Health and Community Medicine, The University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia.
Department of Geography, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia.
Department of Pediatric Surgery, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang 261041, China.

BACKGROUND Residing in greener areas has several health benefits, but no study to date has examined the effects of greenness on metabolic syndrome (MetS). We aimed to assess associations between residential greenness and MetS prevalence in China, and to explore whether air pollution and physical activity mediated any observed associations. METHODS We analyzed data from 15,477 adults who participated in the 33 Communities Chinese Health Study during 2009. We defined MetS according to standard guidelines for Chinese populations. Residential greenness was estimated using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), the Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI), and the Vegetation Continuous Field (VCF). We used generalized linear mixed models to assess the associations between greenness and MetS, and mediation analyses to explore potential mechanisms underlying the associations. RESULTS Higher greenness levels were associated with lower odds of MetS [e.g., for every interquartile range increase of NDVI500-m, SAVI500-m, and VCF500-m, the adjusted odds ratio of MetS was 0.81 (95% confidence interval: 0.70-0.93), 0.80 (95% confidence interval: 0.69-0.93), and 0.91 (95% confidence interval: 0.83-1.00), respectively]. The direction and the magnitude of the associations persisted in several sensitivity analyses. Stratified analyses showed that age and household income modified the associations, with greater effect estimates observed in participants younger than 65 years old or those with higher household income. Particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤10 μm, nitrogen dioxide, and ozone mediated 2.1-20.3% of the associations between greenness and MetS; no evidence of mediation was observed for physical activity. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest a beneficial association for residential greenness and MetS in Chinese urban dwellers, especially for participants younger than 65 years old and those with higher household income. Particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤10 μm, nitrogen dioxide and ozone, but not physical activity, may only partially mediate the association.

更新日期：2019-12-13

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