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Following the footsteps of giants: modeling the mobility of historically notable individuals using Wikipedia
EPJ Data Science ( IF 3.6 ) Pub Date : 2019-12-12 , DOI: 10.1140/epjds/s13688-019-0215-7
Lorenzo Lucchini , Sara Tonelli , Bruno Lepri

The steady growth of digitized historical information is continuously stimulating new different approaches to the fields of Digital Humanities and Computational Social Science. In this work we use Natural Language Processing techniques to retrieve large amounts of historical information from Wikipedia. In particular, the pages of a set of historically notable individuals are processed to catch the locations and the date of people’s movements. This information is then structured in a geographical network of mobility patterns.We analyze the mobility of historically notable individuals from different perspectives to better understand the role of migrations and international collaborations in the context of innovation and cultural development. In this work, we first present some general characteristics of the dataset from a social and geographical perspective. Then, we build a spatial network of cities, and we model and quantify the tendency to explore of a set of people that can be considered as historically and culturally notable. In this framework, we show that by using a multilevel radiation model for human mobility, we are able to catch important features of migration’s behavior. Results show that the choice of the target migration place for historically and culturally relevant people is limited to a small number of locations and that it depends on the discipline a notable is interested in and on the number of opportunities she/he can find there.

中文翻译:

跟随巨人的脚步:使用Wikipedia对历史上著名人物的移动性进行建模

数字化历史信息的稳定增长正在不断刺激着新的数字人文科学和计算社会科学领域的新方法。在这项工作中,我们使用自然语言处理技术从Wikipedia中检索大量历史信息。特别是,对一组历史上著名的人物的页面进行处理,以捕捉人们活动的地点和日期。然后将这些信息构建在一个流动模式的地理网络中。我们从不同的角度分析历史上著名人士的流动性,以便更好地了解创新和文化发展背景下的移民和国际合作的作用。在这项工作中,我们首先从社会和地理角度介绍数据集的一些一般特征。然后,我们建立一个城市的空间网络,并建模和量化探索一组在历史和文化上可被视为著名人物的趋势。在此框架中,我们表明,通过使用多级辐射模型进行人类活动,我们能够捕捉到移民行为的重要特征。结果表明,对于具有历史和文化背景的人来说,目标移民地点的选择仅限于少数几个地点,这取决于知名人士感兴趣的学科以及在那里可以找到的机会的数量。并且我们对可能被认为具有历史和文化意义的一群人的探索倾向进行建模和量化。在此框架中,我们表明,通过使用用于人类活动的多级辐射模型,我们能够捕捉到移民行为的重要特征。结果表明,对于具有历史和文化背景的人来说,目标移民地点的选择仅限于少数几个地点,这取决于知名人士感兴趣的学科以及在那里可以找到的机会的数量。并且我们对可能被认为具有历史和文化意义的一群人的探索倾向进行建模和量化。在此框架中,我们表明,通过使用用于人类活动的多级辐射模型,我们能够捕捉到移民行为的重要特征。结果表明,对于具有历史和文化背景的人来说,目标移民地点的选择仅限于少数几个地点,这取决于知名人士感兴趣的学科以及在那里可以找到的机会的数量。
更新日期:2019-12-12
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