Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) generates monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) which contribute to cell growth, survival, differentiation, metabolic regulation and signal transduction. Overexpression of SCD is evident and implicated in metabolic diseases such as diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. SCD also stimulates canonical Wnt pathway and YAP activation in support of stemness and tumorigenesis. SCD facilitates metabolic reprogramming in cancer which is mediated, at least in part, by regulation of AKT, AMPK, and NF-kB via MUFAs. Our research has revealed the novel positive loop to amplify Wnt signaling through stabilization of LRP5/6 in both hepatic stellate cells and liver tumor-initiating stem cell-like cells. As such, this loop is pivotal in promoting liver fibrosis and liver tumor development. This review summarizes the mechanisms of SCD-mediated tumor promotion described by recent studies and discusses the future prospect for SCD-mediated signaling crosstalk as a potential therapeutic target for cancer.

中文翻译：

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硬脂酰辅酶A去饱和酶和肿瘤发生。

硬脂酰辅酶A去饱和酶 (SCD) 产生单不饱和脂肪酸 (MUFA)，有助于细胞生长、存活、分化、代谢调节和信号转导。SCD 的过度表达是明显的，并且与代谢疾病如糖尿病和非酒精性脂肪肝疾病有关。SCD 还刺激经典 Wnt 通路和 YAP 激活，以支持干性和肿瘤发生。SCD 促进癌症中的代谢重编程，这至少部分是通过 MUFA 调节 AKT、AMPK 和 NF-kB 来介导的。我们的研究揭示了通过稳定肝星状细胞和肝肿瘤起始干细胞样细胞中的 LRP5/6 来放大 Wnt 信号传导的新型正环。因此，该循环对于促进肝纤维化和肝肿瘤发展至关重要。