The biological characteristics of three‐dimensional (3D) tumors cannot be adequately represented through two‐dimensional (2D) cell cultures. Here, to acquire more precise information about plasma–tumor interactions, the plasma‐induced cytotoxicity was tested in both 2D cell culture and 3D tumor‐spheroid culture. The results indicated that the toxic effects were markedly reduced in 3D cancer cells compared with 2D cells. We found that reactive oxygen and nitrogen species can penetrate through the entire depth of 3D tumor spheroid, but local apoptosis was observed only on the outermost layer. The permeation depth of plasma‐generated reactive species was then tracked in 3D tumor spheroids. We hypothesized that plasma‐induced apoptosis within a tumor depends on the “deep” delivery of H₂O₂, NO₂⁻, and NO₃⁻ rather than O₂⁻, OH•, and ONOOH/ONOO⁻.

中文翻译：

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在2D和3D细胞培养模型中评估冷大气等离子体诱导的抗癌作用

三维（3D）肿瘤的生物学特征无法通过二维（2D）细胞培养充分体现。在这里，为了获得有关血浆-肿瘤相互作用的更精确的信息，在2D细胞培养和3D肿瘤-球体培养中都测试了血浆诱导的细胞毒性。结果表明，与2D细胞相比，在3D癌细胞中毒性作用显着降低。我们发现活性氧和氮物质可以穿透3D肿瘤球体的整个深度，但是仅在最外层观察到局部细胞凋亡。然后在3D肿瘤球体中追踪血浆生成的反应物种的渗透深度。我们假设肿瘤内血浆诱导的细胞凋亡取决于H ₂ O ₂的“深层”传递，NO ₂ ^-和NO ₃ ^- ，而为O ₂ ^-，OH•，和ONOOH / ONOO ^- 。