Bone and cartilage tissue engineering is an integrative approach that is inspired by the phenomena associated with wound healing. In this respect, growth factors have emerged as important moieties for the control and regulation of this process. Growth factors act as mediators and control the important physiological functions of bone regeneration. Herein, we discuss the importance of growth factors in bone and cartilage tissue engineering, their loading and delivery strategies, release kinetics, and their integration with biomaterials and stem cells to heal bone fractures. We also highlighted the role of growth factors in the determination of the bone tissue microenvironment based on the reciprocal signaling with cells and biomaterial scaffolds on which future bone and cartilage tissue engineering technologies and medical devices will be based upon.

中文翻译：

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使用生长因子和干细胞进行骨和软骨组织再生的生物工程策略。

骨和软骨组织工程是一种综合方法，其灵感来自与伤口愈合相关的现象。在这方面，生长因子已成为控制和调节该过程的重要部分。生长因子充当介质并控制骨再生的重要生理功能。在此，我们讨论了生长因子在骨和软骨组织工程中的重要性、它们的加载和传递策略、释放动力学以及它们与生物材料和干细胞的整合以治愈骨折。我们还强调了生长因子在确定骨组织微环境中的作用，该微环境基于与细胞和生物材料支架的相互信号传递，未来的骨和软骨组织工程技术和医疗设备将以此为基础。